F. imperialis & F. imperialis var. lutea
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Golestan: Khoshyeylaq. West/East Azarbaijan. Kordestan: Marivan; Uramanat; Eight-Frit Mountain. Kermanshah: Sarmil. Lorestan: Dorud; Azna; Aligudarz; Ushtran-Kuh. Hamedan: Malayer. Ilam. C & B: Chelgerd; Fakhr Abad; Sabze Kooh; Ab-kaseh Khoriyeh Mt.; Garganak; Beno-estaki; Qalatak; Maleh Zardeh. Isfahan: Golpaygan (Hende); Alvand-e Khomeyn protected area; Kuh-e Darabshah; Khansar; Fereydunshahr; Fareydan; Booein; Miandasht; Afus; Dehaqan; Semirom; Shahreza; Darreh-Bid. K & B: Pol-e Qarah towards Yasuj; Sisakht; around Pataveh; Yasuj towards Nurabad-e Mamasani. Fars: Sedeh; Tang-e Abdui; east of Kazerun; west of Dasht-e Arjan; around Nurabad-e Mamasani. |
Western elevations of the alpine Zagros region and neighboring areas; edge of fields, rocky slopes, stony places, scrub (1000–3000 m). |
F. raddeana |
Golestan: within and close to the Golestan National Park; Almeh valley near Gorgan; Cheshmehy-e Khan. Northern Khorassan: Khombi & Sara Mt. in Garmeh region; Cheshmey-e Eshgh; Dasht intersection; Bahar & Saluk Mt.; Palang & Bozdaghi Mt.; Jowzak and western sides of Aladagh Mt. in Maneh & Samalghan region; Takal-e Qouz Mt. in Raz & Jargalan region; Spidan village; Asadli highlands in Bojnourd region. |
Sloping and/or rocky areas, and in dense evergreen forests covered by tangled shrubs and thorny bushes; from near sea level (around the coastal range of the Golestan province) to about 1000 m (throughout the Northern Khorassan province). |
F. persica |
Northwest through southwest Iran especially in East/West Azarbaijan: Urmia; Markazi: Sefidkhani Mountain; Kordestan: Sanandaj; Marivan; Sanandaj to Hamedan. Hamedan: Kabudar Ahang. Lorestan: Khorram Abad; Nurabad; Azna; Ushtran Kuh. Kordestan: Eight-Frit Mountain. Kermanshah: Sarmil; Kuh-e Nova. Ilam: Abdanan. C & B: Along the main road towards Chelgerd; across Koohrang crown imperial plain. K & B. Isfahan: Road between Damaneh-Khansar; Golestan-Kuh. Fars: Between Kazerun-Shiraz; Sepidan as far as Yasuj. |
Mountainous oak woodlands; single and/or small colonies can be seen at the borders of roads, plains, hills and valleys, edge of fields, rocky slopes, stony places (1500–2000 m). |