Table 1.
Demographic criteria and Operative details of the studied groups.
| HbA1c < 7 |
HbA1c > 7 |
Independent t-test |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group A | Group B | t/X2 | P-value | Sig. | |||
| Age (years) | Mean ± SD | 58.52 ± 6.70 | 56.27 ± 5.82 | 0.023 | 0.113 | NS | |
| Range | 40–72 | 38.00–67 | |||||
| Sex | Female | 11 (27.5%) | 8 (20.0%) | 0.621 | 0.431 | NS | |
| Male | 29 (72.5%) | 32 (80.0%) | |||||
| Smoking | Negative | 21 (52.5%) | 22 (55.0%) | 0.050 | 0.823 | NS | |
| Positive | 19 (47.5%) | 18 (45.0%) | |||||
| DM | 1 | 11 (27.5%) | 15 (37.5%) | 0.912 | 0.340 | NS | |
| 2 | 29 (72.5%) | 25 (62.5%) | |||||
| HTN | Negative | 16 (40.0%) | 12 (30.0%) | 0.879 | 0.348 | NS | |
| Positive | 24 (60.0%) | 28 (70.0%) | |||||
| COPD | Negative | 38 (95.0%) | 36 (90.0%) | 0.721 | 0.395 | NS | |
| Positive | 2 (5.0%) | 4 (10.0%) | |||||
| PVD | Negative | 37 (92.5%) | 37 (92.5%) | 0.000 | 1.000 | NS | |
| Positive | 3 (7.5%) | 3 (7.5%) | |||||
| MI | None | 26 (65.0%) | 26 (65.0%) | 0.848 | 0.654 | NS | |
| Positive | 14 (35.0%) | 14 (35.0%) | |||||
| EF (%) | Mean ± SD | 54.53 ± 5.09 | 54.13 ± 4.76 | 0.084 | 0.718 | NS | |
| Range | 42–62 | 44–64 | |||||
| LMD | Negative | 34 (85.0%) | 25 (62.5%) | 5.230 | 0.022 | S | |
| Positive | 6 (15.0%) | 15 (37.5%) | |||||
| No. of vessels | 1 | 2 (5.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4.040 | 0.133 | NS | |
| 2 | 25 (62.5%) | 20 (50.0%) | |||||
| 3 | 13 (32.5%) | 20 (50.0%) | |||||
| NYHA | 1 | 12 (30.0%) | 4 (10.0%) | 6.286 | 0.043 | S | |
| 2 | 26 (65.0%) | 30 (75.0%) | |||||
| 3 | 2 (5.0%) | 6 (15.0%) | |||||
| CCS | 1 | 2 (5.0%) | 2 (5.0%) | 0.254 | 0.968 | NS | |
| 2 | 17 (42.5%) | 19 (47.5%) | |||||
| 3 | 15 (37.5%) | 13 (32.5%) | |||||
| 4 | 6 (15.0%) | 6 (15.0%) | |||||
| Operative Data | |||||||
| Intra-operative glucose level | |||||||
| (a) Intra op g level duringcross clamp time (mg/dl) | Mean ± SD | 180.67 ± 26.48 | 311.96 ± 65.02 | 24.087 | 0.000 | HS | |
| Range | 140–243 | 187–467 | |||||
| (b) Intra op g level aftercross clamp time (mg/dl) | Mean ± SD | 138.22 ± 11.62 | 191.21 ± 52.43 | 32.122 | 0.000 | HS | |
| Range | 140–243 | 134.33–350 | |||||
| Operative time (m) | Mean ± SD | 194.65 ± 34.97 | 218.10 ± 34.28 | 3.029 | 0.003 | HS | |
| Range | 140–270 | 155–270 | |||||
| CBP time (m) | Mean ± SD | 67.88 ± 23.96 | 102.33 ± 27.79 | 0.508 | 0.000 | HS | |
| Range | 40–120 | 50–150 | |||||
| X clamp time (m) | Mean ± SD | 34.85 ± 11.88 | 39.43 ± 9.11 | 6.463 | 0.057 | NS | |
| Range | 22–60 | 25–65 | |||||
| Arterial graft | LAD | 40 (100.0%) | 39 (97.5.0%) | 1.013 | 0.314 | NS | |
| Total grafts | 1 | 1 (2.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 10.748 | 0.013 | S | |
| 2 | 21 (52.5%) | 8 (20.0%) | |||||
| 3 | 14 (35.0%) | 25 (62.5%) | |||||
| 4 | 4 (10.0%) | 7 (17.5% | |||||
| Acidosis | No | 27 (67.5%) | 16 (40.0%) | 21.896 | 0.000 | HS | |
| Not persistent | 12 (30.0%) | 5 (12.5%) | |||||
| Persistent | 1 (2.5%) | 19 (47.5%) | |||||
| Inotropes | Negative | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | NA | NA | NA | |
| Positive | 40 (100.0%) | 40 (100.0%) | |||||
| Noradrenaline | Negative | 31 (77.5%) | 17 (42.5%) | 10.208 | 0.001 | HS | |
| Positive | 9 (22.5%) | 23 (57.5%) | |||||
DM: Diabetes mellitus, HTN: Hypertension, COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, PVD: Peripheral vascular disease, MI: Myocardial infarction, EF: Ejection fraction, LMD: Left main disease, NYHA: New York Heart Association Functional Classification, CCS: Canadian Cardiovascular Society grading of angina pectoris, Intraoperative glucose level during cross clamp time in mg/dl, Intraoperative glucose level after cross clamp time in mg/dl, CBP time: cardiopulmonary bypass time in minutes, X clamp time: cross clamp time in minutes, NS: Non significant, S: Significant, HS: Highly Significant.