Table 1.

Similarities and Differences in Etiology and Assessment of Obesity Across Four Species

Species	Definition of Obesity	Induction of Obesity		Other variables that impact immune readouts
Mouse	Varies	Genetic	Monogenic: ob/ob; db/db Polygenic	Age
	Average ± 3 SD of control			Diet composition
				Duration of diet
	Imaging modalities	Diet-induced	High-fat diet (30 – 60% fat) Western diet (cafeteria)	Housing conditions
				Female vs Male
				Source of vendor
		Spontaneous		Mouse strain (Resistant vs Susceptible)
Canine	Body condition score ≥ 8	Spontaneous		Age
				Environmental factors
				Behavioral factors
				Diet composition
				Female vs Male
Non-human primate	BMI > 30 kg/m2	Diet-induced	Western diet	Age
	Waist-to-hip ratio			Diet composition
		Spontaneous		Duration of diet
				Housing conditions
				Female vs Male
Human	BMI > 30 kg/m2	Genetic	Monogenic: lep deficient	Age
	Waist circumference			Environmental factors
	Waist-to-hip ratio	Spontaneous		Behavioral factors
	Waist-to height ratio			Diet composition
	Body fat percentage			Female vs Male