Table 1.

Characteristics of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in 12 the erythromycin-resistant and 3 erythromycin-susceptible Campylobacter spp. strains isolated between 2013 and 2016.

Strain	Year	Species	Resistance	E-EPI	GyrA	Tet(O)	23S rRNA	L4	L22
91/1/13	2013	jejuni	Suscept	nd	wt	nd	wt	wt	wt
19/4/14	2014	coli	CIP TET	nd	T86I	POS	wt	V196A	I65V,A74G,S109T,E111A,T114A, A126V, A135V,V137A,K138E*
49/1/14	2014	coli	CIP TET	nd	T86I	POS	wt	V196A	I65V,A74G,S109T,E111A,T114A, A126V, A135V,V137A,K138E*
57/1/13	2013	coli	CIP TET ERY	neg	T86I	POS	wt	V196A	I65V,A74G,S109T,E111A,T114A, A126V, A135V,V137A,K138E*
74/1/15	2015	coli	CIP TET ERY	neg	T86I	POS	wt	V196A	I65V,A74G,A103V,S109A,A135V,V137A,K138E
14/20/15	2014	coli	CIP TET ERY	neg	T86I+D90N	POS	wt	V196A	I65V,A74G,A103V,S109A,A135V,V137A,K138E
32/2/15	2015	coli	CIP TET ERY	POS	T86I+D90N	POS	A2075G	V196A	I65V,A74G,S109T,E111A,T114A, A126V, A135V,V137A,K138E*
7/7/16	2015	coli	CIP TET ERY	neg	T86I	POS	A2075G	V196A	I65V,A74G,S109T,E111A,T114A, A126V, A135V,V137A,K138E*
42/2/15	2015	coli	CIP TET ERY	neg	T86I	POS	A2075G	V196A	I65V,A74G,S109T,E111A,T114A, A126V, A135V,V137A,K138E*
55/3/15	2015	coli	CIP TET ERY	neg	T86I	POS	A2075G	V196A	I65V,A74G,S109T,E111A,T114A, A126V, A135V,V137A,K138E*
3/14/14	2013	coli	CIP TET ERY	neg	T86I	POS	A2075G	V196A	I65V,A74G,S109T,E111A,T114A, A126V, A135V,V137A,K138E*
57/5/14	2014	coli	CIP TET ERY	neg	T86I	POS	A2075G	V121A,V176I,T177S,V184I,M192I,V196A	I65V,A74G,A103V,S109T,E111A, T114A,A126V, A135V,V137A,K138E*
6/17/16	2015	jejuni	CIP TET ERY	POS	T86I	POS	A2075G	V121A,M192I,V196A	wt
67/1/16	2016	jejuni	CIP TET ERY	POS	T86I	POS	A2075G	V121A,M192I,V196A	wt
89/6/13	2013	jejuni	CIP TET ERY	neg	T86I	POS	A2075G	V196A	wt

CIP, ciprofloxacin; TET, tetracycline; ERY, erythromycin; Suscept, Susceptible strain; E-EPI, Erythromycin-Efflux Pump Inhibition test; nd, not determined; POS, positive; neg, negative; wt, wild type (GyrA like ATCC 33560 and 23S rRNA/L4/L22 like NCTC 11168).

^*Deletion from 120 to 124 nt (TTTKA) and 130 nt (T).