Figure 1.

Schematic diagram displays apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide‐like (APOBEC) family proteins with cytidine deaminase domain. Human APOBEC family genes consist of 11 members in the genome: activation‐induced deaminase (AID) and APOBEC1 on chromosome 12, APOBEC2 on chromosome 6, 7 APOBEC3 (A‐H, except E) on chromosome 22 and APOBEC4 on chromosome 1. Encoded gene products contain 1 or 2 zinc‐dependent deaminase motifs (colored boxes). The cytidine deaminase domain in APOBEC is able to catalyze the biochemical reaction of conversion from cytidine to uridine on RNA or ssDNA substrates. Adapted from Ref. 8