Table 2.

Clinical trials of spice-derived ingredients.

Compounds	Dosages/periods	Efficacy	References
Capsaicin	0.075% (topical)/4 days for 8 weeks	Ameliorates diabetic neuropathy in diabetic patients	Scheffler et al., 1991; Biesbroeck et al., 1994; Forst et al., 2002
	5 mg/day for 4 weeks	Antihyperlipidemic in women with gestational diabetes mellitus	Yuan et al., 2016
Curcumin	150 mg/twice daily for 8 weeks	Antihyperglycemic, Ameliorates insulin resistance	Usharani et al., 2008
	250 mg/day for 9 months	Antihyperglycemic, Ameliorates insulin resistance	Chuengsamarn et al., 2012, 2014
	475 mg/day for 10 days	Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic in type 2 diabetic patients	Neerati et al., 2014
Trigonelline	500 mg/day after 2 h	Improves glucose tolerance in overweight men	Van Dijk et al., 2009