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Cisplatin activation and DNA damage induction. A) The cisplatin activation process occurs by exchange of one or two of its chlorides for water molecules (monoaquated and diaquated, respectively). B) Cisplatin can form covalent bonds with DNA. The major DNA lesions are intrastrand DNA adducts and interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). The percentages represent the frequency of each type of DNA damage induced by cisplatin.
