Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of inpatient drug-detoxification hospitalizations for patients aged≥12 years: 2003–2011 Nationwide Inpatient Samples
| Year | Overall (2003–2011) | 2003 | 2011 | p value‡ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size, unweighted N | 271,403 | 27,626 | 28,692 | ||||
| Weighted column, % | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | |
| Any-listed diagnosis | |||||||
| Any drug use disorder | 99.13 | (98.96–99.28) | 99.12 | (98.82–99.35) | 99.18 | (98.71–99.48) | 0.811 |
| Drug withdrawal | 47.45 | (42.85–52.09) | 34.71 | (23.76–47.56) | 52.67 | (41.57–63.52) | 0.037 |
| Opioid use disorders | 74.83 | (72.70–76.85) | 72.37 | (63.93–79.47) | 75.60 | (68.64–81.43) | 0.529 |
| Stimulant use disordersa | 30.06 | (27.63–32.61) | 25.27 | (19.71–31.79) | 28.62 | (22.89–35.14) | 0.447 |
| Sedative use disorders | 13.21 | (11.99–14.52) | 9.65 | (7.27–12.69) | 17.74 | (13.28–23.31) | 0.003 |
| Cannabis use disorders | 12.14 | (11.09–13.28) | 10.19 | (7.40–13.89) | 14.26 | (11.48–17.57) | 0.081 |
| Other drug-related disordersb | 11.87 | (10.75–13.08) | 12.90 | (9.83–16.76) | 11.08 | (8.66–14.07) | 0.409 |
| Alcohol use disorders | 42.37 | (39.41–45.38) | 35.68 | (29.05–42.90) | 41.32 | (32.54–50.69) | 0.334 |
| Any non-addiction mental health disorder | 47.93 | (45.29–50.59) | 43.16 | (35.30–51.38) | 58.98 | (51.82–65.78) | 0.004 |
| Mood disorders | 38.35 | (36.08–40.67) | 34.66 | (28.25–41.67) | 46.42 | (40.39–52.55) | 0.013 |
| Schizophrenic/psychotic/ delusional disorders | 3.94 | (3.58–4.32) | 3.35 | (2.49–4.48) | 5.19 | (3.74–7.15) | 0.048 |
| Anxiety disorders | 10.82 | (9.89–11.81) | 8.17 | (6.53–10.18) | 17.38 | (13.90–21.53) | < 0.001 |
| Adjustment disorders | 0.95 | (0.79–1.13) | 1.09 | (0.79–1.50) | 1.26 | (0.51–3.08) | 0.761 |
| Personality/impulse-control/disruptive behavior disorders | 7.12 | (6.29–8.04) | 7.39 | (5.55–9.78) | 7.81 | (5.74–10.54) | 0.795 |
| Primary diagnosis | |||||||
| Any drug use disorder | 71.26 | (68.79–73.61) | 71.73 | (64.93–77.67) | 64.53 | (55.84–72.35) | 0.175 |
| Drug withdrawal | 33.68 | (29.28–38.38) | 24.60 | (14.85–37.89) | 35.37 | (24.36–48.19) | 0.214 |
| Opioid use disorders | 27.27 | (24.12–30.66) | 36.95 | (25.52–50.06) | 20.51 | (15.07–27.29) | 0.013 |
| Stimulant use disordersa | 5.45 | (3.95–7.48) | 5.16 | (3.38–7.80) | 4.38 | (2.18–8.61) | 0.688 |
| Sedative use disorders | 1.38 | (1.15–1.67) | 1.21 | (0.85–1.71) | 1.68 | (1.05–2.68) | 0.266 |
| Cannabis use disorders | 0.34 | (0.23–0.49) | 0.54 | (0.18–1.61) | 0.31 | (0.12–0.76) | 0.443 |
| Other drug-related disordersb | 3.14 | (2.68–3.67) | 3.27 | (2.39–4.47) | 2.28 | (1.63–3.18) | 0.119 |
| Alcohol use disorders | 12.45 | (11.07–13.96) | 11.53 | (8.66–15.20) | 15.70 | (10.32–23.16) | 0.223 |
| Any non-addiction mental health disorder | 11.07 | (9.60–12.72) | 11.83 | (8.68–15.92) | 15.08 | (9.90–22.80) | 0.351 |
| Mood disorders | 9.22 | (8.00–10.60) | 9.67 | (7.03–13.16) | 12.43 | (8.37–18.05) | 0.323 |
| Schizophrenic/psychotic/ delusional disorders | 1.21 | (1.01–1.45) | 1.41 | (0.95–2.09) | 1.37 | (0.82–2.26) | 0.922 |
| Anxiety disorders | 0.26 | (0.19–0.36) | 0.29 | (0.15–0.59) | 0.54 | (0.16–1.85) | 0.391 |
| Adjustment disorders | 0.30 | (0.20–0.44) | 0.37 | (0.22–0.62) | 0.70 | (0.16–2.98) | 0.414 |
| Personality/impulse-control/disruptive behavior disorders | 0.08 | (0.05–0.15) | 0.08 | (0.04–0.16) | 0.05 | (0.02–0.14) | 0.377 |
| Secondary diagnosis | |||||||
| Any drug use disorder | 80.16 | (77.10–82.90) | 68.08 | (57.56–77.03) | 87.04 | (81.71–90.99) | < 0.001 |
| Drug withdrawal | 13.77 | (11.97–15.80) | 10.11 | (7.14–14.15) | 17.33 | (12.10–24.19) | 0.030 |
| Opioid use disorders | 47.73 | (43.88–51.60) | 35.59 | (25.86–46.67) | 55.25 | (45.23–64.86) | 0.009 |
| Stimulant use disordersa | 24.79 | (23.05–26.62) | 20.41 | (16.28–25.27) | 24.35 | (19.77–29.60) | 0.246 |
| Sedative use disorders | 11.83 | (10.72–13.04) | 8.44 | (6.25–11.32) | 16.07 | (12.13–20.99) | 0.002 |
| Cannabis use disorders | 11.81 | (10.81–12.89) | 9.66 | (7.15–12.93) | 13.95 | (11.29–17.12) | 0.044 |
| Other drug-related disordersb | 9.12 | (8.30–10.00) | 10.04 | (7.53–13.26) | 9.11 | (7.09–11.64) | 0.615 |
| Alcohol use disorders | 36.12 | (33.34–38.99) | 29.44 | (23.79–35.81) | 33.63 | (26.96–41.04) | 0.375 |
| Any non-addiction mental health disorder | 41.38 | (39.24–43.55) | 35.40 | (29.13–42.22) | 50.67 | (44.93–56.40) | 0.001 |
| Mood disorders | 29.74 | (28.08–31.45) | 25.47 | (20.90–30.65) | 34.82 | (30.19–39.77) | 0.008 |
| Schizophrenic/psychotic/ delusional disorders | 2.81 | (2.53–3.13) | 1.99 | (1.47–2.69) | 4.00 | (2.75–5.79) | 0.004 |
| Anxiety disorders | 10.60 | (9.70–11.57) | 7.90 | (6.31–9.85) | 16.98 | (13.68–20.88) | < 0.001 |
| Adjustment disorders | 0.65 | (0.56–0.75) | 0.72 | (0.48–1.07) | 0.57 | (0.40–0.80) | 0.378 |
| Personality/impulse-control/disruptive behavior disorders | 7.07 | (6.25–7.98) | 7.33 | (5.50–9.71) | 7.77 | (5.71–10.50) | 0.785 |
CI confidence interval
‡We reduced the significant level to 0.01 due to a relatively large sample. Boldface: The estimate in 2003 in the category differed from the estimate in 2011 (p < 0.01)
aStimulant included cocaine and amphetamine
bOther drug-related disorders included drugs other than listed in the table defined by ICD-9-CM