Fig. 5.

CCL18 involves in M2-like TAMs induced EMT and stemness in SCCHN in vitro. Tu686 cells cultured with M2 CM or M0 CM in the presence or absence of an anti-CCL18 neutralizing antibody at 15 μg/mL, or an isotype-matched IgG protein. a–d qRT-PCR assays were used to check mRNA expression of EMT markers E-cadherin (a), Vimentin (b), and EMT transcription factors Snail (c) and Slug (d). e, f Representative images for tumorsphere formation and the number of tumorspheres. g, h mRNA expression of CSCs markers CD133 (g) and CD44 (h) was quantified by qPCR. Data are shown as mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P <0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001