Table 2. Overall analyses of pathological factors in biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.
| Outcome of interest | No. of studies | HR (95% CI) | p-value | Study heterogeneity | Effect Model | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chi2 | df | I2 | p-value | |||||
| SVI | ||||||||
| Total Analysis | 1,2,4,6,9–16,18–25,29 | 1.97 [1.79, 2.18] | < 0.00001 | 32.86 | 22 | 33% | 0.06 | Fixed |
| Univariate Analysis | 1,2,4,6, 9–12,16,19,20,23,24,27,29 |
3.61 [2.80, 4.66] | < 0.00001 | 48.04 | 13 | 73% | < 0.00001 | Random |
| Multivariate Analysis | 1,2,4,6,10,11,13–16,18, 20–25,27,28 |
1.93 [1.73, 2.14] | < 0.00001 | 27.61 | 18 | 35% | 0.07 | Fixed |
| PSM | ||||||||
| Total Analysis | 1–3,6,8–16,20–29 | 1.79 [1.56, 2.06] | < 0.00001 | 40.61 | 22 | 46% | 0.009 | Random |
| Univariate Analysis | 1,2,4,6,9–12,16,20,23,24,27,29 | 2.34 [2.09, 2.63] | < 0.00001 | 46.60 | 13 | 72% | < 0.0001 | Random |
| Multivariate Analysis | 1,3,6,8,10,11,13–16,20–28 | 1.91 [1.66, 2.20] | < 0.00001 | 32.71 | 18 | 45% | 0.02 | Random |
| ECE | ||||||||
| Total Analysis | 2,4,6,8–11,13–16,20–25,28,29 | 2.03 [1.65, 2.50] | < 0.00001 | 52.38 | 18 | 66% | < 0.0001 | Random |
| Univariate Analysis | 2,4,6,9–11,16,20,23,24,29 | 3.44 [2.63, 4.52] | < 0.00001 | 39.49 | 10 | 75% | < 0.0001 | Random |
| Multivariate Analysis | 4,6,8–11,13–16, 20–22,24,25,28 |
1.93 [1.61, 2.31] | < 0.00001 | 26.24 | 15 | 43% | 0.04 | Random |
| LVI | ||||||||
| Total Analysis | 2,3,5,7,9,10,11,14,15,17,18,20,23,24,26,28,29 | 1.85 [1.54, 2.22] | < 0.00001 | 32.30 | 16 | 50% | 0.009 | Random |
| Univariate Analysis | 2,5,7,9,10,11,17,20,23,24 | 2.73 [1.90, 3.94] | < 0.00001 | 41.34 | 9 | 78% | < 0.00001 | Random |
| Multivariate Analysis | 2,3,9,10,14,15,18,20,23,24,26,28,29 | 1.85 [1.48, 2.33] | < 0.00001 | 30.48 | 12 | 61% | 0.002 | Random |
| LNI | ||||||||
| Total Analysis | 1,2,6,11,14–16,22–26,28 | 1.88 [1.37, 2.60] | 0.0001 | 72.04 | 12 | 83% | < 0.00001 | Random |
| Univariate Analysis | 1,2,6,11,16,23,24 | 6.09 [3.29, 11.27] | < 0.00001 | 47.31 | 6 | 87% | < 0.00001 | Random |
| Multivariate Analysis | 1,2,6,11,14–16,22–26,28 | 1.88 [1.37, 2.60] | 0.0001 | 72.04 | 12 | 83% | < 0.00001 | Random |
| PIN | ||||||||
| Total | 2,5,8–11,16,20,23,24,26,29 | 1.59 [1.33, 1.91] | < 0.00001 | 14.44 | 11 | 24% | 0.21 | Fixed |
| Univariate Analysis | 2,5,9–11,16,20,23,24,29 | 2.29 [1.92, 2.73] | < 0.00001 | 7.72 | 9 | 0% | 0.56 | Fixed |
| Multivariate Analysis | 8,10,11,20,23,24,26 | 1.39 [1.12, 1.74] | 0.003 | 3.96 | 6 | 0% | 0.68 | Fixed |
CI = Confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; LVI = lymphovascular invasion; PNI = perineural invasion; SVI = seminal vesicle invasion; ECE = extracapular extension; LNI = lymph node involvement; PSM = positive surgical margin.
*Statistically significant results are shown in bold.