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. 2018 Aug 29;4(8):eaar4644. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aar4644

Fig. 1. Topology of places and city block complexity.

Fig. 1

(A) Schematic city block (top) with one internal place (red outline) and its characterization in terms of a hierarchy of weak dual graphs, S1, S2, and S3 (bottom). (B) New York City. (C) Prague. (D) Construction of nested dual graphs for a block in the Epworth neighborhood in Harare (Zimbabwe), with block complexity kmax = 3. In this case, internal parcels are only one layer deep relative to existing accesses. Data sources are described in Materials and Methods.