Figure 8.

Relationship between A_r and landscape connectivity in the low-fragmentation model (left two columns) and the high-fragmentation model (right two columns). Top row: high-dispersal scenario (300 km). Bottom row: low-dispersal scenario (200 km). Allelic richness (y-axis) is calculated with software sGD. Connectivity (x-axis) is quantified in terms of cumulative resistant kernel density, representing the expected density of dispersing individuals. Gray markers represent the mean of 100 Monte Carlo simulation runs for each node. Adjusted R² and p-value are shown.