Table 3.
Energy and nutrient composition of the diet by rMED score groups.
| rMED Score Groups | p-Value for Trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (Score 0–6) (n = 834) | Intermediate (Score 7–10) (n = 1029) | High (Score 11–18) (n = 705) | ||
| Total Energy (kcal/day) | 2093 ± 773 | 1890 ± 638 | 1718 ± 561 * | <0.0001 |
| Proteins (% TE) | 18.6 ± 2.5 | 18.3 ± 2.6 | 17.7 ± 2.3 * | <0.0001 |
| Animal sources (% TE) | 13.4 ± 3 | 12.55 ± 3.2 | 11.6 ± 2.8 * | <0.0001 |
| Vegetable sources (% TE) | 5.2 ± 1.1 | 5.7 ± 1.1 | 6.1 ± 1 * | <0.0001 |
| Lipids (% TE) | 37.0 ± 5.8 | 36.5 ± 6.3 | 36.5 ± 5.6 | 0.166 |
| SFA (% TE) | 13.4 ± 2.5 | 12.1 ± 2.3 | 10.9 ± 2 * | <0.0001 |
| MUFA (% TE) | 16.9 ± 3.3 | 17.9 ± 3.9 | 19.0 ± 3.7 * | <0.0001 |
| PUFA (% TE) | 4.3 ± 1.1 | 4.4 ± 1.2 | 4.5 ± 1.0 * | 0.034 |
| Cholesterol (mg/die) | 379 ± 162 | 325 ± 133 | 272 ± 111 * | <0.0001 |
| Carbohydrates (% TE) | 44.3 ± 7.2 | 45.1 ± 7.6 | 45.8 ± 6.5 * | <0.0001 |
| Added sugars (% TE) | 3.0 ± 3.7 | 2.2 ± 3.0 | 2.0 ± 2.7 * | <0.0001 |
| Fiber (g/1000 kcal/day) | 8.8 ± 2.0 | 10.8 ± 2.3 | 12.8 ± 2.4 * | <0.0001 |
| Glycaemic Index | 52.7 ± 3.7 | 51.8 ± 3.5 | 51.3 ± 3.2* | <0.0001 |
| Glycaemic load | 143.4 ± 68.2 | 113.8 ± 46.8 | 98.9 ± 37.5 * | <0.0001 |
| Alcohol (g/die) | 12.9 ± 20.5 | 10.2 ± 13.5 | 10.4 ± 12.2 * | <0.0001 |
| Calcium (mg) | 1007 ± 476 | 880 ± 370 | 759 ± 333 * | <.0001 |
| Sodium (mg) | 2453 ± 1132 | 2077 ± 938 | 1758 ± 752 * | <0.0001 |
| Potassium (mg) | 3045 ± 1087 | 3045 ± 946 | 3072 ± 984 | 0.832 |
| Total Polyphenols (mg) | 653 ± 317 | 674 ± 289 | 733 ± 280 * | <0.0001 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation; * p < 0.001 vs. low score, Post-hoc test adjusted for multiple comparisons (Bonferroni Test). TE: Total Energy; SFA: Saturated fatty acids; MUFA: Monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: Polyunsaturated fatty acids.