Table 1.
Characteristics of the Mitchelstown cohort (n = 1992) by E-DII median.
| Min and Max of E-DII Scores | <Median E-DII −5.10 to −1.28 |
>Median E-DII −1.28 to 3.68 |
p |
|---|---|---|---|
| E-DII | −2.51 ± 0.02 | −0.06±0.03 | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 59.9 ± 0.17 | 59.5±0.17 | 0.04 |
| Gender (% male) | 38.6 | 59.4 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.40 ± 0.15 | 28.72 ± 0.15 | 0.12 |
| Waist (cm) | 95.48 ± 0.41 | 98.32 ± 0.41 | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.25 ± 0.03 | 5.31 ± 0.03 | 0.24 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 3.13 ± 0.03 | 3.22 ± 0.03 | 0.04 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.48 ± 0.01 | 1.42 ± 0.01 | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.34 ± 0.02 | 1.45 ± 0.03 | 0.004 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.17 ± 0.04 | 5.21 ± 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Insulin (µIU/mL) | 11.02 ± 0.29 | 12.10 ± 0.35 | 0.06 |
| HOMA | 2.71 ± 0.09 | 2.98 ± 0.10 | 0.06 |
| QUICKI | 0.28 ± 0.002 | 0.27 ± 0.002 | 0.26 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 128.5 ± 0.52 | 130.6 ± 0.54 | 0.005 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 79.9 ± 0.31 | 80.5 ± 0.31 | 0.17 |
| Current smokers (%) | 12.6 | 16.7 | 0.008 |
| Moderate and heavy alcohol consumers (%) | 78.9 | 80.5 | 0.49 |
| Low intensity physical activity (%) | 43.5 | 52.9 | <0.001 |
| Type 2 diabetes (%) | 8.9 | 8.5 | 0.71 |
| CVD (%) | 10.7 | 10.1 | 0.66 |
| MetS (%) | 21.5 | 25.4 | 0.04 |
| Obesity (%) | 36.3 | 34.0 | 0.14 |
| Hypertension (%) | 46.5 | 43.7 | 0.24 |
| Anti-inflammatory medication (%) | 4.1 | 4.3 | 0.82 |
| Lipid lowering medication (%) | 6.9 | 6.4 | 0.65 |
Continuous variables are expressed as means ± SEM; categorical variables are expressed as percentages. p was derived from Students t-tests and non-parametric tests for continuous variables and Chi-Square test for categorical variables. %: percentage; E-DII: Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; LDL-C: LDL cholesterol; HDL-C: HDL cholesterol; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HOMA: Homeostasis model assessment; QUICKI: Quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index; CVD: cardiovascular disease; MetS: metabolic syndrome.