Table 1.
Participants’ characteristics across quartiles of the children’s dietary inflammatory index (C-DII) among 3300 children. NHANES, 2005–2012.
| C-DII Quartiles | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 4th | ||
| Participant | (−3.99, −0.04) | (−0.05, 1.14) | (1.14, 2.07) | (2.08, 4.39) | p-value a |
| Characteristics | |||||
| Age (years) | <0.0001 | ||||
| 10.0 ± 3.0 | 11.0 ± 3.0 | 11.0 ± 3.0 | 11.0 ± 3.0 | ||
| Sex | 0.29 | ||||
| Male | 411 (48.52) | 430 (51.62) | 413 (49.64) | 409 (51.9) | |
| Female | 436 (51.48) | 403 (48.38) | 419 (50.36) | 379 (48.1) | |
| Race | <0.0001 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 180 (21.25) | 212 (25.45) | 223 (26.8) | 229 (29.06) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 224 (26.45) | 228 (27.37) | 229 (27.52) | 251 (31.85) | |
| Mexican American | 323 (38.13) | 267 (32.05) | 262 (31.49) | 198 (25.13) | |
| Other | 120 (14.17) | 126 (15.13) | 118 (14.18) | 110 (13.96) | |
| Body mass index (tertiles) b,c,d | 0.19 | ||||
| I | 705 (83.43) | 682 (82.17) | 671 (81.04) | 640 (81.42) | |
| II | 82 (9.7) | 103 (12.41) | 101 (12.2) | 84 (10.69) | |
| III | 58 (6.69) | 45 (5.42) | 56 (6.76) | 62 (7.89) | |
| Asthma e | 0.01 | ||||
| Yes | 128 (15.11) | 134 (16.13) | 145 (17.45) | 155 (19.7) | |
| No | 719 (84.89) | 697 (83.87) | 686 (82.55) | 632 (80.3) | |
| Infection e | 0.06 | ||||
| Yes | 252 (27.39) | 237 (25.76) | 225 (24.46) | 206 (22.39) | |
| No | 571 (24.72) | 579 (25.06) | 595 (25.76) | 565 (24.46) | |
ap Value for Chi-square test; b BMI (kg/m2): Category I Under or Normal weight (i.e., <25 kg/m2); c BMI (kg/m2): Category II Overweight (i.e., ≥25 kg/m2 and <30 kg/m2); d BMI (kg/m2): Category III Obese (i.e., ≥30 kg/m2); e Asthma and Infection are self-reported; Column percentages may not equal 100% due to rounding. Stratum total may not equal column totals due to missing data. For categorical covariates, frequencies (%) were presented, and chi-square tests were used to derive p-values. For continuous covariates, means and standard deviations were presented, and ANOVAs were used to derive p-values.