Table 4.

Acidosis and risk of acidosis for each risk factor for all medication exposure groups.

Risk factor	No. patients with LA event	No. patient months	IR per 10,000 patient months (95% CI)	Relative risk (95% CI)
Age ⩾80	11	24,399	4.5 (2.5–8.1)	3.3 (1.8–6.0)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	47	90,519	5.2 (3.9–6.9)	4.4 (3.2–6.2)
Hepatic dysfunction	2	4046	4.9 (1.2–19.8)	3.4 (0.9–13.8)
Alcohol abuse	2	2706	7.4 (1.8–29.7)	5.1 (1.3–20.8)
Heart failure	31	33,418	9.3 (6.5–13.2)	7.5 (5.1–11.0)
Renal insufficiency	30	18,109	16.6 (11.6–23.7)	13.4 (9.1–19.8)
History of acidosis	3	473	63.4 (20.0–200.8)	44.3 (13.8–141.7)

When comparing acidosis across the three exposure groups, there were no significant differences.

CI, confidence interval; IR, incidence rate; LA, lactic acidosis.