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. 2018 Jul 30;10(8):251. doi: 10.3390/cancers10080251

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Inflammatory mediators contribute to chemoresistance of EOC. A combination of platinum and taxane drugs is currently used as chemotherapy for OC. ROS, Lyophosphotidic Acid (LPA), cytokines, and growth factors like TGF-β and EGF increase tumor cell survival by upregulating antiapoptotic genes, by stimulating stemness and proliferation of cancer initiating cells, by increasing repair of damaged DNA, or by increasing efflux of the drug. The resistant tumor cells and the cancer initiating cells can then proliferate under the influence of growth factors and cytokines resulting in a recurrent chemoresistant tumor.