Table 5.
Year | Unadjusted | Adjusted for Patient Characteristics | Adjusted for Patient and Physician Characteristics | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds Ratio | 95% CI | p-value | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | p-value | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | p-value | ||
Immigrants | ||||||||||
Enhanced vs. traditional fee-for-service | 2005 | 0.91 | (0.89–0.94) | <.0001 | 0.91 | (0.88–0.94) | <.0001 | 0.94 | (0.91–0.97) | <.0001 |
2006 | 1.02 | (0.99–1.04) | 0.1809 | 1.03 | (1.01–1.05) | 0.0074 | 1.04 | (1.01–1.06) | 0.0021 | |
2007 | 1.21 | (1.18–1.24) | <.0001 | 1.22 | (1.19–1.26) | <.0001 | 1.24 | (1.21–1.28) | <.0001 | |
2008 | 1.13 | (1.09–1.16) | <.0001 | 1.15 | (1.11–1.19) | <.0001 | 1.19 | (1.15–1.23) | <.0001 | |
2009 | 1.19 | (1.14–1.23) | <.0001 | 1.23 | (1.19–1.28) | <.0001 | 1.23 | (1.19–1.28) | <.0001 | |
2010 | 0.99 | (0.95–1.04) | 0.7596 | 1.03 | (0.98–1.07) | 0.2438 | 1.06 | (1.02–1.11) | 0.007 | |
2011 | 1.06 | (1.01–1.11) | 0.0319 | 1.09 | (1.04–1.15) | 0.0012 | 1.13 | (1.07–1.19) | <.0001 | |
2012 | 1.25 | (1.18–1.32) | <.0001 | 1.38 | (1.31–1.47) | <.0001 | 1.38 | (1.30–1.57) | <.0001 | |
Long-Term Residents | ||||||||||
Enhanced vs. traditional fee-for-service | 2005 | 1.00 | (0.99–1.01) | 0.5301 | 1.00 | (0.99–1.01) | 0.528 | 1.00 | (1.00–1.01) | 0.4123 |
2006 | 1.09 | (1.08–1.10) | <.0001 | 1.10 | (1.09–1.10) | <.0001 | 1.10 | (1.09–1.11) | <.0001 | |
2007 | 1.25 | (1.23–1.26) | <.0001 | 1.26 | (1.24–1.27) | <.0001 | 1.27 | (1.25–1.28) | <.0001 | |
2008 | 1.20 | (1.18–1.22) | <.0001 | 1.23 | (1.21–1.25) | <.0001 | 1.25 | (1.23–1.27) | <.0001 | |
2009 | 1.27 | (1.25–1.30) | <.0001 | 1.31 | (1.28–1.34) | <.0001 | 1.29 | (1.26–1.32) | <.0001 | |
2010 | 1.15 | (1.12–1.18) | <.0001 | 1.17 | (1.14–1.20) | <.0001 | 1.19 | (1.16–1.22) | <.0001 | |
2011 | 1.10 | (1.06–1.14) | <.0001 | 1.11 | (1.07–1.15) | <.0001 | 1.14 | (1.10–1.18) | <.0001 | |
2012 | 1.09 | (1.05–1.14) | <.0001 | 1.17 | (1.12–1.21) | <.0001 | 1.15 | (1.11–1.20) | <.0001 | |
Ratios of Odds Ratios | ||||||||||
Difference in enhanced vs. traditional fee-for-service between immigrants vs. long-term residents | 2005 | 0.92 | (0.89–0.94) | <.0001 | 0.91 | (0.88–0.94) | <.0001 | 0.94 | (0.91–0.96) | <.0001 |
2006 | 0.93 | (0.91–0.95) | <.0001 | 0.94 | (0.92–0.963) | <.0001 | 0.94 | (0.92–0.96) | <.0001 | |
2007 | 0.97 | (0.95–1.00) | 0.0508 | 0.97 | (0.95–1.00) | 0.0659 | 0.98 | (0.95–1.01) | 0.1798 | |
2008 | 0.94 | (0.90–0.97) | 0.0002 | 0.93 | (0.90–0.97) | <.0001 | 0.95 | (0.91–0.98) | 0.0031 | |
2009 | 0.93 | (0.89–0.97) | 0.0009 | 0.94 | (0.90–0.98) | 0.0061 | 0.96 | (0.92–1.00) | 0.037 | |
2010 | 0.87 | (0.82–0.91) | <.0001 | 0.88 | (0.84–0.93) | <.0001 | 0.89 | (0.85–0.94) | <.0001 | |
2011 | 0.96 | (0.90–1.02) | 0.1821 | 0.99 | (0.93–1.05) | 0.671 | 0.99 | (0.93–1.06) | 0.8325 | |
2012 | 1.14 | (1.07–1.22) | 0.0001 | 1.19 | (1.11–1.27) | <.0001 | 1.20 | (1.12–1.29) | <.0001 |
Ratios of odds ratios are also presented, with long-term residents and traditional fee-for-service serving as referent groups