Figure 5.
Anti‐inflammatory activity of horse oil, hydrolysed horse oil and sophorolipids measured as the decrease in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced miRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines. The effects of horse oil, hydrolysed horse oil or sophorolipids at the indicated concentrations on LPS‐induced mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, COX‐2 and IL‐6) in mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages were examined by real‐time PCR. Data are presented as the mean ± SD from three separate experiments respectively. *P < 0.05 vs. LPS (0.1 μg ml−1); **P < 0.01 vs. LPS; ***P < 0.001 vs. LPS.