Table 3.
Result of meta-analysis.
| Outcome | Number of studies | Participants | Estimated effect (CI 95%) | I2 (%) | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) HbA1c (%) | 6 | 5971 | 0.10 (−0.17, 0.37) | 89 | 0.49 |
| (1.1) Studies of intermediate duration | 3 | 1696 | −0.20 (−0.77, 0.38) | 91 | 0.51 |
| Long-term studies | 2 | 945 | 0.43 (0.64, 0.22) | 0 | <0.0001 |
| Studies of short duration | 1 | 3330 | 0.40 (0.30, 0.50) | – | <0.00001 |
| (1.2) With conflict of interest | 4 | 5806 | 0.30 (0.12, 0.47) | 0 | <0.00001 |
| Without conflict of interest | 2 | 165 | −0.45 (−1.43, 0.52) | 86 | 0.0007 |
| (2) Severe hypoglycemia (episodes/person-year) | 2 | 8598 | 0.68 (0.26, 1.10) | 8 | 0.002 |
| (3) Total dose of insulin (U/kg/day) | 4 | 1489 | −0.07 (−0.12, −0.02) | 75 | 0.006 |
| (4) Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5 | 5816 | 0.64 (0.13, 1.15) | 89 | 0.01 |
*
p value of the test for general effect.
CI, confidence interval; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.