Table 3.
Metabolic parameters for pre- and post-Ramadan.
| Parameter | Pre-Ramadan (Mean ± SD) | Post-Ramadan (Mean ± SD) |
p value | r ‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.1 ± 8.0 | 29.3 ± 10.2 | <0.01* | 0.9959 |
| Weight (kg) | 76.6 ± 20.3 | 75.9 ± 21.3 | <0.01* | 0.9965 |
| HbA1c, % (mmol/mol) | 8.8 ± 1.8 (72.7) | 8.5 ± 1.7 (69.4) | <0.01* | 0.8389 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.56 ± 0.99 | 2.61 ± 1.32 | <0.01* | 0.5071 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 1.78 ± 1.09 | 2.13 ± 1.09 | <0.01* | 0.5990 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.32 ± 0.95 | 1.23 ± 0.46 | 0.5360 | 0.1245 |
| Diabetes complications | Pre-Ramadan | During Ramadan | ||
| Hypoglycemia (<4 mmol/l) | 4 (13.8) | 3 (10.3) | NA | NA |
| Hyperglycemia (⩾10 mmol/l) | 9 (31.0) | 1 (3.5) | NA | NA |
*
p value < 0.01 was considered statistically significant.
‡
a correlation coefficient value of r = 0.3–0.5 was considered fair; 0.6–0.8 moderately strong and ⩾0.8 very strong.
SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin.