Table 2.

Conditions associated with ID, syndrome related and secondary to ID (adapted from van Schrojenstein Lantman and Walsh, and O’Dwyer).^43,44

Associated	Syndrome related	Secondary
● Epilepsy ● Visual problems ● Mobility problems, including cerebral palsy ● Mental ill health ● Psychosis ● Alzheimer’s disease	● Hypgonadism ● Congenital heart disease (Down’s syndrome and William syndrome) ● Hypothyroidism (Down’s syndrome)	● Obesity ● Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease ● Constipation ● Fractures ● Untreated caries ● Edentulous ● Sexually transmitted diseases