Table 3.
Sebum in male versus female skin
| Reference | Number | Age | Location | Measurement Device | Male | Female | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Firooz et al. (2012) | 50 | 10-60 years | right side of forehead, cheek, nasolabial fold, neck, forearm, dorsal side of the hand, palm and leg | Sebumeter, (Courage & Khazaka electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany). | 60.39μg/cm2 | 42.19μg/cm2 | non-significant |
| Luebberding et al. (2013) | 300 | 20-74 years | cheek | Sebumeter® SM 815; Courage & Khazaka | 84.17 ± 51.15 μg cm-2 | 48.66 ± 40.53 μg cm-2 | significant at the cheek for all age groups, and at the forehead for age groups IV and V (p < 0.05) |
| forehead | 127.75 ± 56.10 μg cm-2 | 105.45 ± 61.66 μg cm-2 | |||||
| Man et al. (2009) | 713 | 0.5–94 years | forearm, forehead (flexor site) | Sebum Cassette attached to a Courage & Khazaka MPA5 system | 36-50 years: 93.47 ± 10.01 μg/cm2 | 13-35 years: 61.91 ± 6.12 μg/cm2 | Significant |
| 51-70 years: 9.16 ± 1.95 μg/cm2 | 51-70 years: 7.54 ± 2.55 μg/cm2 | ||||||
| Jacobi et al. (2005) | 6 men | 24.2 ± 0.4 years | flexor forearm | sebumeter SM 810 (Courage & Khazaka, Cologne, Germany) | 3.0 ± 4.6 μg/cm2 | 0.7 ± 0.5 μg/cm2 | non-significant (p > 0.05) |
| 6 women | 24.3 ± 0.8 years | ||||||
| Kim et al. (2006) | 46 women | 21-37 y | five facial sites: nose tip, chin, forehead, right cheek, left cheek | Sebumeter SM 815® (Courage & Khazaka, Koln or Cologne, Germany) | not available | not available | significantly higher in males |
| 37 men | 23-29 y |