Table 2.
Adjusted Associations of Categories of 2-Year Change in WIQ Stair Climbing Score With All-Cause and CVD Mortality Among PAD Participants (n = 438)
| Category | All-Cause Mortality |
CVD Mortality |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events | HR (95% CI) | Pairwise Value | p Trend | Events | HR (95% CI) | Pairwise p Value | p Trend | |
| Model I | ||||||||
| Category 1(decline ≥20.0 points) | 34 | 1.93 (1.01–3.68) | 0.05 | 0.004 | 15 | 1.61 (0.59–4.36) | 0.350 | 0.229 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 20 | 1.05 (0.54–2.06) | 0.88 | 7 | 0.65 (0.22–1.89) | 0.430 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 35 | 0.90 (0.50–1.62) | 0.72 | 11 | 0.43 (0.16–1.18) | 0.100 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 11 | 0.59 (0.28–1.27) | 0.18 | 3 | 0.22 (0.06–0.90) | 0.035 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 22 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 10 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Change in ABI | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 31 | 1.82 (0.94–3.52) | 0.07 | 0.019 | 15 | 1.68 (0.62–4.60) | 0.310 | 0.150 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 20 | 1.00 (0.51–1.96) | 0.99 | 7 | 0.64 (0.22–1.86) | 0.411 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 33 | 0.81 (0.44–1.47) | 0.48 | 11 | 0.41 (0.15–1.13) | 0.084 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 11 | 0.58 (0.27–1.25) | 0.16 | 3 | 0.22 (0.05–0.90) | 0.035 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 22 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 10 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Incident Stroke | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 28 | 1.62 (0.80–3.30) | 0.18 | 0.072 | 12 | 1.00 (0.33–2.98) | 0.998 | 0.796 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 18 | 0.95 (0.45–2.02) | 0.90 | 6 | 0.53 (0.16–1.74) | 0.296 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 26 | 0.78 (0.40–1.53) | 0.46 | 7 | 0.32 (0.10–1.00) | 0.050 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 11 | 0.78 (0.35–1.75) | 0.55 | 3 | 0.29 (0.07–1.27) | 0.102 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 17 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 8 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Incident MI | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 28 | 1.53 (0.75–3.10) | 0.24 | 0.098 | 12 | 0.98 (0.34–2.84) | 0.973 | 0.872 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 18 | 0.94 (0.45–1.98) | 0.87 | 6 | 0.56 (0.17–1.83) | 0.337 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 26 | 0.78 (0.40–1.53) | 0.47 | 7 | 0.31 (0.10–0.96) | 0.043 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 11 | 0.72 (0.32–1.62) | 0.43 | 3 | 0.23 (0.05–0.97) | 0.045 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 17 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 8 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Incident Angina | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 27 | 1.46 (0.72–2.98) | 0.30 | 0.133 | 12 | 0.96 (0.33–2.80) | 0.940 | 0.834 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 18 | 0.93 (0.44–1.96) | 0.85 | 6 | 0.53 (0.17–1.73) | 0.295 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 26 | 0.78 (0.40–1.53) | 0.47 | 7 | 0.30 (0.09–0.95) | 0.040 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 11 | 0.72 (0.32–1.61) | 0.42 | 3 | 0.23 (0.05–0.99) | 0.048 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 17 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 8 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
Model I is adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking status, ankle brachial index, comorbidities, physical activity, statin use, ACE inhibitor use, study cohort, and baseline WIQ stair climbing score. Pair-wise p value shows statistical significance relative to Category 5. Categories for WIQ stair climbing score change were calculated by subtracting the 2-year WIQ stair climbing score from the baseline respective WIQ stair climbing score. CI = confidence interval; CVD = cardiovascular disease; HR = hazard ratio; other abbreviations as in Table 1.