Table 3.
Adjusted Associations of Categories of 2-Year Change in WIQ Distance Score With All-Cause and CVD Mortality Among PAD Participants (n = 431)
| Category | All-Cause Mortality |
CVD Mortality |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events | HR (95% CI) | Pairwise p Value | p Trend | Events | HR (95% CI) | Pairwise p Value | p Trend | |
| Model I | ||||||||
| Category 1(decline ≥20.0 points) | 36 | 2.34 (1.15–4.75) | 0.018 | 0.006 | 13 | 4.56 (1.30–16.01) | 0.018 | 0.069 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 21 | 1.68 (0.82–3.43) | 0.158 | 11 | 4.31 (1.26–14.80) | 0.020 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 29 | 1.10 (0.57–2.12) | 0.775 | 11 | 1.32 (0.39–4.50) | 0.658 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 18 | 1.28 (0.62–2.62) | 0.507 | 5 | 1.73 (0.44–6.76) | 0.429 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 15 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 4 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Change in ABI | ||||||||
| Category 1(decline ≥20.0 points) | 32 | 1.91 (0.92–3.96) | 0.081 | 0.060 | 13 | 3.80 (1.09–13.28) | 0.036 | 0.087 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 21 | 1.52 (0.73–3.13) | 0.261 | 11 | 3.46 (1.00–11.94) | 0.050 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 28 | 0.99 (0.50–1.94) | 0.968 | 11 | 1.09 (0.32–3.73) | 0.892 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 18 | 1.21 (0.59–2.51) | 0.605 | 5 | 1.42 (0.36–5.61) | 0.615 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 15 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 4 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Incident Stroke | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 30 | 1.42 (0.64–3.18) | 0.391 | 0.45 | 12 | 1.25 (0.35–4.52) | 0.734 | 0.972 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 17 | 1.26 (0.56–2.84) | 0.571 | 8 | 1.53 (0.41–5.66) | 0.527 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 25 | 1.17 (0.55–2.52) | 0.679 | 8 | 0.65 (0.16–2.60) | 0.540 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 14 | 1.12 (0.50–2.54) | 0.779 | 3 | 0.62 (0.13–3.06) | 0.561 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 12 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 4 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Incident MI | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 30 | 1.57 (0.70–3.48) | 0.271 | 0.293 | 12 | 1.83 (0.51–6.59) | 0.355 | 0.564 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 17 | 1.22 (0.54–2.74) | 0.635 | 8 | 1.43 (0.38–5.40) | 0.594 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 25 | 1.10 (0.52–2.36) | 0.802 | 8 | 0.59 (0.15–2.31) | 0.445 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 15 | 1.15 (0.51–2.60) | 0.743 | 3 | 0.70 (0.14–3.40) | 0.656 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 12 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 4 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Incident Angina | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 29 | 1.49 (0.67–3.31) | 0.332 | 0.360 | 12 | 1.82 (0.50–6.67) | 0.363 | 0.564 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 17 | 1.21 (0.54–2.72) | 0.645 | 8 | 1.41 (0.38–5.26) | 0.612 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 25 | 1.13 (0.53–2.42) | 0.746 | 8 | 0.53 (0.13–2.09) | 0.362 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 14 | 1.15 (0.51–2.63) | 0.736 | 3 | 0.67 (0.14–3.25) | 0.618 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 12 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 4 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
Model I is adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking status, ankle brachial index, comorbidities, physical activity, statin use, ACE inhibitor use, study cohort, and baseline WIQ distance score. Pair-wise p value shows statistical significance relative to Category 5. Categories for WIQ distance score change were calculated by subtracting the 2-year WIQ distance score from the baseline respective WIQ distance score. Abbreviations as in Tables 1 and 2.