Table 4.
Adjusted Associations of Categories of 2-Year Change in WIQ Speed Score With All-Cause and CVD Mortality Among PAD Participants (n = 435)
| Category | All-Cause mortality |
CVD Mortality |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events | HR (95% CI) | Pairwise p Value | p Trend | Events | HR (95% CI) | Pairwise p Value | p Trend | |
| Model I | ||||||||
| Category 1(decline ≥20.0 points) | 26 | 3.55 (1.57–8.04) | 0.002 | 0.019 | 11 | 2.55 (0.78–8.38) | 0.122 | 0.174 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 34 | 2.53 (1.20–5.34) | 0.014 | 14 | 1.35 (0.46–3.97) | 0.585 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 27 | 1.23(0.60–2.54) | 0.575 | 10 | 0.67 (0.22–2.00) | 0.473 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 22 | 1.28 (0.61–2.71) | 0.517 | 5 | 0.45 (0.13–1.55) | 0.205 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 12 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 6 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Change in ABI | ||||||||
| Category 1(decline ≥20.0 points) | 23 | 2.90(1.26–6.69) | 0.013 | 0.063 | 11 | 2.43 (0.74–7.92) | 0.141 | 0.168 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 34 | 2.39(1.13–5.05) | 0.023 | 14 | 1.27 (0.43–3.76) | 0.661 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 26 | 1.20(0.58–2.49) | 0.628 | 10 | 0.71 (0.24–2.13) | 0.543 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 22 | 1.26 (0.59–2.66) | 0.550 | 5 | 0.44 (0.13–1.54) | 0.198 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 12 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 6 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Incident Stroke | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 21 | 2.22 (0.89–5.54) | 0.087 | 0.253 | 9 | 0.93 (0.23–3.70) | 0.916 | 0.778 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 28 | 1.91 (0.85–4.26) | 0.116 | 10 | 0.63 (0.18–2.19) | 0.471 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 22 | 1.09 (0.50–2.38) | 0.830 | 9 | 0.57 (0.17–1.91) | 0.359 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 18 | 1.10 (0.49–2.50) | 0.816 | 3 | 0.25 (0.05–1.14) | 0.074 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 11 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 5 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Incident MI | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 21 | 2.31 (0.93–5.76) | 0.073 | 0.212 | 9 | 1.31 (0.34–5.01) | 0.692 | 0.776 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 28 | 1.94 (0.87–4.34) | 0.105 | 10 | 0.72 (0.21–2.44) | 0.593 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 22 | 1.11(0.51–2.42) | 0.799 | 9 | 0.67 (0.20–2.27) | 0.525 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 18 | 1.13 (0.50–2.57) | 0.767 | 3 | 0.28 (0.06–1.27) | 0.098 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 11 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 5 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
| Model I + 2-Yr Incident Angina | ||||||||
| Category 1 (decline ≥20.0 points) | 20 | 2.14 (0.85–5.41) | 0.108 | 0.256 | 9 | 1.41 (0.36–5.51) | 0.618 | 0.763 |
| Category 2 (decline 20.0–5.0 points) | 28 | 1.92 (0.86–4.30) | 0.113 | 10 | 0.75 (0.22–2.53) | 0.642 | ||
| Category 3 (decline ≤5.0 and increase ≤5.0 points) | 22 | 1.12 (0.51–2.45) | 0.776 | 9 | 0.66 (0.19–2.22) | 0.500 | ||
| Category 4 (increase 5.0–20.0 points) | 18 | 1.14 (0.50–2.58) | 0.760 | 3 | 0.27 (0.06–1.24) | 0.093 | ||
| Category 5 (increase ≥20.0 points) | 11 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | 5 | 1.00 (referent) | NA | ||
Model I is adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, smoking status, ankle brachial index, comorbidities, physical activity, statin use, ACE inhibitor use, study cohort, and baseline WIQ speed score. Pair-wise p value shows statistical significance relative to Category 5. Categories for WIQ speed score change were calculated by subtracting the 2-year WIQ speed score from the baseline respective WIQ speed score. Abbreviations as in Tables 1 and 2.