Task Design. A: Example learning trial. On each trial, participants were shown an image (“cue”), and were asked to estimate how much on average that type of scene (indoor or outdoor) was worth (“estimate”). They then saw the image again with a monetary outcome (“reward”). Each image appeared on one trial only. B: Memory tests. Participants completed item recognition, source (Exp. 2,3) and sequence memory tasks. C: Choice task. Participants chose between previously seen images that were matched for reward outcome, risk context, and/or scene category value.