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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2018 Mar 19;44(9):1430–1443. doi: 10.1037/xlm0000518

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Schematic of prediction error (PE) and learning rate (α) calculation for two consecutive trials that involve the same scene category, in the learning phase of the experiment. Based on the learning equation Vt+1 = Vt + αt* PEt, we calculated the trial-by-trial learning rate as (Vt+1 − Vt) / PEt. Note that all components of this equation are measured explicitly: Vt and Vt+1 are two consecutive estimates of the value of a scene from a single category (e.g., outdoor scenes), and the prediction error on trial t is the difference between the reward given on that trial, and the participants’ estimate of the value of scene on the same trial. We assume here that separate values are learned and updated for each of the scene categories.