Table 3. Methodological quality assessment scoring using an assessment tool for randomized and non-randomized trials.39 .
| Study | Reporting | External validity | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | |
| Hypothesis / aims | Outcomes | Patient information | Interventions | Principle confounders | Findings | Variability estimates | Adverse events | Withdrawals | Exact probability | Represents population asked | Represents population included | Represents facilities | |
| Alcobendas-Maestro(2012) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1x | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Arazpour (2013) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1x | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Arazpour (2014) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Benito-Penalva (2012) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1x | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Esclarin (2014) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Nooijen (2009) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Field-Fote (2011) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fineberg (2013) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Hornby (2005) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Labruyèrel (2014) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nui (2014) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Varoqui (2014) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Study | Internal validity – bias | Internal validity – confounding | Power | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | Total score | |
| Participant blinding | Researcher blinding | Data dredging clear | Follow up adjustments | Appropriate statistics | Intervention compliance | Validity & reliability | Participant groups from same population | Recruitment groups & time periods | Randomisation | Hidden randomisation | Confounding adjustment | Withdrawal accounted for | Power | ||
| Alcobendas-Maestro(2012) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 23 |
| Arazpour (2013) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 18 |
| Arazpour (2014) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 15 |
| Benito-Penalva (2012) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 22 |
| Esclarin (2014) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 25 |
| Nooijen (2009) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 23 |
| Field-Fote (2011) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 23 |
| Fineberg (2013) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 15 |
| Hornby (2005) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 13 |
| Labruyèrel (2014) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 19 |
| Nui (2014) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 24 |
| Varoqui (2014) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 24 |
1 = Yes, item addressed appropriately, 0 = No, item not addressed or unable to determine. Q5 1x = Partially addressed, 2 = item addressed appropriately.