Table 3.
Stepwise Logistic Regression Predicting for Non-Gambling compared to Recreational Gambling (n = 8,794)
| Odds Ratio & 95% C.I. | Wald Statistics | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Portion of Friends and Family Regular Gamblers | .64 (0.59, 0.71) | 89.2 | < .0001 |
| Alcohol use in Past 30 Days | |||
| No | 1.72 (1.53, 1.93) | 85.5 | < .0001 |
| Yes | Reference group | ||
| Education | |||
| High School or Less | Reference group | Reference group | |
| Bachelor’s or some College | 1.07 (0.93, 1.23) | 0.9 | .0029 |
| Beyond Bachelor’s degree | 1.72 (1.46, 2.03) | 41.3 | < .0001 |
| Employment | |||
| Employed | Reference group | Reference group | |
| Unemployed | 1.00 (0.75, 1.33) | 0.0 | .8811 |
| Retired | 1.17 (0.98, 1.38) | 3.1 | < .0001 |
| Othera | 1.68 (1.43, 1.97) | 41.1 | < .0001 |
| Age | |||
| 35-64 | Reference group | Reference group | |
| 18-34 | 1.60 (1.37, 1.86) | 38.2 | < .0001 |
| 65+ | 1.34 (1.14, 1.57) | 12.4 | < .0001 |
| Born in United States | |||
| No | 1.57 (1.33, 1.85) | 28.3 | < .0001 |
| Yes | Reference group | ||
| Binge Drinking | |||
| No | 1.43 (1.24, 1.65) | 25.3 | < .0001 |
| Yes | Reference group | ||
| Household Income | .97 (0.96, 0.98) | 23.4 | < .0001 |
| Current Tobacco use | |||
| No | 1.42 (1.20, 1.69) | 16.9 | < .0001 |
| Yes | Reference group | ||
| Unhappy Childhood | 1.12 (1.06, 1.18) | 16.8 | < .0001 |
| Military Service | |||
| No | 1.32 (1.10, 1.58) | 9.0 | < .0001 |
| Yes | Reference group | ||
| Problems with Drugs or Alcohol | |||
| No | 2.14 (1.28, 3.57) | 8.5 | < .0001 |
| Yes | Reference group | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | |||
| White | Reference | Reference | |
| Hispanic | 1.19 (0.94, 1.51) | 2.1 | .0048 |
| Black | 1.44 (1.11, 1.86) | 7.7 | <.0001 |
| Asian | 1.45 (1.10, 1.91) | 8.0 | .0017 |
| Other | 1.54 (0.95, 2.49) | 3.2 | .0001 |
aStudent, homemaker, disabled were combined into ‘Other’ because of small sample sizes in each