Table 4.
Stepwise Logistic Regression Predicting for At-Risk Gambling compared to Recreational Gambling (n = 6,871)
| Odds Ratio & 95% C.I. | Wald Statistics | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Casino Gambling | |||
| No | Reference group | 110.4 | < .0001 |
| Yes | 2.73 (2.26, 3.29) | ||
| Portion of friends and family regular gamblers | 2.16 (1.86, 2.51) | 101.0 | < .0001 |
| Instant Lottery | |||
| No | Reference group | 48.3 | < .0001 |
| Yes | 2.04 (1.67, 2.50) | ||
| Daily Lottery Games | |||
| No | Reference group | 41.6 | < .0001 |
| Yes | 1.97 (1.61, 2.43) | ||
| Gender | |||
| Male | 1.60 (1.33, 1.94) | 24.1 | < .0001 |
| Female | Reference group | ||
| Online Gambling | |||
| No | Reference group | 22.1 | < .0001 |
| Yes | 3.31 (2.01, 5.46) | ||
| Born in United States | |||
| No | 1.79 (1.37, 2.32) | 19.0 | < .0001 |
| Yes | Reference group | ||
| Private Betting | |||
| No | Reference group | 18.3 | < .0001 |
| Yes | 1.70 (1.34, 2.18) | ||
| Education | |||
| Beyond Bachelor’s degree | Reference group | Reference group | |
| High school or less | 1.92 (1.40, 2.63) | 16.7 | < .0001 |
| Bachelor’s or some College | 1.24 (0.95, 1.62) | 2.4 | < .0001 |
| Bingo | |||
| No | Reference group | 13.4 | < .0001 |
| Yes | 1.88 (1.34, 2.64) | ||
| Raffles | |||
| No | 1.30 (1.08, 1.57) | 7.3 | < .0001 |
| Yes | Reference group | ||
| Household income | .97 (0.95, 0.99) | 6.9 | .0008 |
| Mental health problems past 12 months | |||
| No | Reference group | 6.7 | .0002 |
| Yes | 1.36 (1.07, 1.73) | ||
| Alcohol use past 30 days | |||
| No | 1.32 (1.07, 1.63) | 6.5 | < .0001 |
| Yes | Reference group | ||