Figure 8.

Pretreatment of young rats with Dex mitigated the propofol-attenuated Akt activation in the hippocampus of rats.

Notes: P group: i.p. injected with 50 mg/kg propofol, and 40–60 min later, when the righting reflex was recovered, the procedure was repeated one more time; PD₂₅, PD₅₀ and PD₇₅ groups: intraperitoneal injection with 25, 50 and 75 μg/kg Dex, and 30 min later, intervention with propofol; LPD group: intracerebroventricular injection with 25 μg/5 μL LY294002, and 30 min later, intervention with Dex and propofol; TPD group: intraperitoneal injection with 1 mg/kg TDZD-8, and 30 min later, intervention with Dex and propofol. DS₁ and DS₂ groups: intracerebroventricular or intraperitoneal injection with DMSO; F group: intraperitoneal injection with intralipid; L group: intracerebroventricular injection with LY294002; T group: intraperitoneal injection with TDZD-8; Dex group: intraperitoneal injection with Dex. (A) The relative levels of Akt and GSK3β expression and phosphorylation in the hippocampus of individual rats were determined by Western blot. (B) Data are representative images or are expressed as the mean±SEM of each group (n=5 per group) from three separate experiments. ^*p<0.05 versus NS group; ^#p<0.05 versus P group; ^{^}p<0.05 versus PD₇₅ group; double symbols mean p<0.01.

Abbreviations: Dex, dexmedetomidine; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; SEM, standard error of the mean.