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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Aug 31.
Published in final edited form as: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2015 Mar 25;460(3):721–726. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.03.096

Figure 3. VacA-induced cytokine production.

Figure 3

a: A549 cells were incubated with 120 nM VacA or heat-inactivated VacA (iVacA, control) for 24 h. After a 24-h incubation with 120 nM VacA or iVacA, 1.9- and 3.6-fold increase were observed in IL-8 and IL-6 concentrations in the medium of A549 cells, respectively. b: Normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells were incubated with 120 nM VacA or iVacA for 24 h. After a 24-h incubation with 120 nM VacA or iVacA, 17.2-fold increase was observed in IL-8 concentration in the medium of NHBE cells. All measurements were performed in duplicate, and the values reported are the means of 4 experiments. Statistical significance: #, p < 0.05.