Table 3.
Hazard ratios for all-cause mortality by chronotype as ordinal variable.
| All-Cause Mortality | CVD Mortality | |
|---|---|---|
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) a | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) a | |
| Number of Deaths a | 10,534 | 2,127 |
| Chronotype (4-level variable) |
1.02 (1.004 to 1.05) p=.017 |
1.04 (1.00 to 1.09) p=.06 |
| Age (per 10 years) | 2.31 (2.24 to 2.39) p<.001 |
2.41 (2.24 to 2.59) p<.001 |
| Sex | 1.59 (1.53, 1.65) p<.001 |
2.72 (2.46 to 3.00) p<.001 |
| BMI (per 5 kg/m2) | 1.01 (0.99 to 1.04) p=.18 |
1.19 (1.13 to 1.24) p<.001 |
| Smoking Status | ||
| Never | 1.0 (referent) | 1.0 (referent) |
| Previous | 1.33 (1.27 to 1.39) p<.001 |
1.26 (1.14 to 1.39) p<.001 |
| Current | 2.6 (2.4 to 2.7) p<.001 |
2.96 (2.63 to 3.34) p<.001 |
| No answer | 1.74 (1.35 to 2.24) p<.001 |
1.80 (1.06 to 3.05) p=.03 |
| Sleep duration (h) | 1.04 (1.02 to 1.05) p<.001 |
1.03 (1.00 to 1.07) p=.072 |
| Prevalent Comorbidities: | ||
| CVD | 1.30 (1.25 to 1.35) p<.001 |
2.04 (1.85 to 2.26) p<.001 |
| Diabetes | 1.73 (1.63 to 1.84) p<.001 |
2.12 (1.89 to 2.38) p<.001 |
| Neurological | 1.17 (1.10 to 1.25) p<.001 |
1.23 (1.08 to 1.41) p=.003 |
| Endocrine | (0.94 to 1.10) p=.76 |
.98 (.81 to 1.18) p=.83 |
| Renal | (0.95 to 1.11) p=.45 |
1.11 (.95 to 1.30) p=.17 |
| Respiratory | 1.30 (1.23 to 1.36) p<.001 |
1.30 (1.17 to 1.44) p<.001 |
| Musculoskeletal | (0.97 to 1.06) p=.68 |
1.05 (.95 to 1.15) p=.37 |
| Gastrointestinal/abdominal | 1.05 (1.001 to 1.11) p=.045 |
0.93 (0.82 to 1.04) p=.20 |
| Psychological | 1.27 (1.19 to 1.36) p<.001 |
1.27 (1.10 to 1.47) p=.001 |
| White ethnicity | 1.47 (1.32 to 1.65) p<.001 |
1.25 (1.003 to 1.55) p=.047 |
| Socioeconomic deprivation (Townsend Index | 1.06 (1.05 to 1.06) p<.001 |
1.07 (1.06 to 1.08) p<.001 |
| Pseudo r2 | .03 | .06 |
a
No missing data