Table 1.
Characteristics of cases and controls in a population-based case-control study of pancreatic cancer in Minnesota, 1994–1998a
| Characteristics | Cases (n=150) | Controls (n=459) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 65.8 (10.9) | 66.5 (12.1) | 0.13 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 89 (59.3%) | 261 (56.9%) | |
| Female | 59 (39.3%) | 198 (43.1%) | |
| Missing | 2 (1.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.48 |
| Race | |||
| White | 137 (91.3%) | 450 (98.0%) | |
| Black | 7 (4.7%) | 3 (0.7%) | |
| Other | 5 (3.3%) | 6 (1.3%) | |
| Missing | 1 (0.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0.0003 |
| Education | |||
| Some high school or less | 25 (16.7%) | 56 (12.2%) | |
| High school graduate | 56 (37.3%) | 116 (25.3%) | |
| Some college or more | 67 (44.7%) | 287 (62.5%) | |
| Missing | 2 (1.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.0019 |
| Cigarette Smoking | |||
| Never smoked | 57 (38.0%) | 215 (46.8%) | |
| Former smoker | 63 (42.0%) | 196 (42.7%) | |
| Current smoker | 23 (15.3%) | 48 (10.5%) | |
| Missing | 7 (4.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0.062 |
| Alcohol intake (serving/week) | 3.4 (6.9) | 4.7 (8.5) | 0.065 |
| Physical activity (hour/week) | |||
| Light | 23.0 (16.9) | 27.1 (16.2) | 0.013 |
| Moderate | 15.1 (13.1) | 18.1 (12.7) | 0.022 |
| Heavy | 5.1 (11.8) | 3.9 (5.5) | 0.27 |
| Total | 43.3 (27.7) | 49.1 (25.4) | 0.025 |
| Diabetes history | |||
| Yes | 31 (20.7%) | 33 (7.2%) | |
| No | 101 (67.3%) | 426 (92.8%) | |
| Unknown/missing | 18 (12.0%) | 0 (0%) | <0.0001 |
| Insulin use | |||
| Yes | 13 (8.7%) | 13 (2.8%) | |
| No | 12 (8.0%) | 20 (4.4%) | |
| Unknown/missing | 125 (83.3%) | 426 (92.8%) | 0.019 |
a
Data shown are mean (SD) for continuous variables or n (%) for categorical variables.