Figure 1. Potential intestinal immunomodulatory components executed in patients with T1D and CD. Suppression of CD163+ macrophages by high - affinity auto - reactive antibodies can suppress activity of these cells. Incompetent immunoregulation can result in higher level intestinal mucosa damage in patients with concurrent T1D and CD. Abbreviations; T1D; type 1 diabetes, CD; celiac disease.
