Table 2.
Ready-to-consume-food offerings (‘grazing environments)a in the Bronx by street segment and by storefront business
| Area A census tracts | Area B census tracts | Difference in %, Area A - Area B | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample characteristic | n | (%) | n | (%) | (%age points) | [95% CI] |
| STREET SEGMENTS | 398 | (100.0) | 855 | (100.0) | ||
| with ≥ 1 business | 146 | (36.7) | 74 | (8.7) | (28.0) | [22.9, 33.1] |
| offering any food | 113 | (28.4) | 59 | (6.9) | (21.5) | [16.7, 26.2] |
| offering any fruits or vegetables | 97 | (24.4) | 47 | (5.5) | (18.9) | [14.4, 23.4] |
| offering any whole grains | 85 | (21.4) | 40 | (4.7) | (16.7) | [12.4, 20.9] |
| offering any nuts | 97 | (24.4) | 38 | (4.4) | (19.9) | [15.5, 24.4] |
| offering any refined sweets | 112 | (28.1) | 53 | (6.2) | (21.9) | [17.2, 26.6] |
| offering any salty/fatty fare | 103 | (25.9) | 52 | (6.1) | (19.8) | [15.2, 24.4] |
| offering only less-healthful foodsb | 39 | (9.8) | 28 | (3.3) | (6.5) | [3.4, 9.7] |
| ALL BUSINESSES | 586 | (100.0) | 266 | (100.0) | ||
| offering any food | 273 | (46.6) | 111 | (41.7) | (4.9) | [−2.3, 12.0] |
| offering any fruits or vegetables | 185 | (31.6) | 76 | (29.3) | (3.0) | [−3.6, 9.6] |
| offering any whole grains | 135 | (23.0) | 60 | (22.6) | (0.5) | [−5.6, 6.6] |
| offering any nuts | 171 | (29.2) | 54 | (20.3) | (8.9) | [2.8, 15.0] |
| offering any refined sweets | 257 | (43.9) | 105 | (39.5) | (4.4) | [−2.7, 11.5] |
| offering any salty/fatty fare | 215 | (36.7) | 84 | (31.6) | (5.1) | [−1.7, 11.9] |
| offering only less-healthful foodsb | 53 | (9.0) | 28 | (10.5) | −(1.5) | [−5.8, 2.9] |
| ‘FOOD BUSINESSES’c | 194 | (100.0) | 79 | (100.0) | ||
| offering any food | 192 | (99.0) | 79 | (100.0) | −(1.0) | [−2.5, 0.4] |
| offering any fruits or vegetables | 170 | (87.6) | 73 | (92.4) | −(4.8) | [−12.2, 2.7] |
| offering any whole grains | 114 | (58.8) | 56 | (70.9) | −(12.1) | [−24.3, 0.1] |
| offering any nuts | 136 | (70.1) | 46 | (58.2) | (11.9) | [−0.8, 24.5] |
| offering any refined sweets | 178 | (91.8) | 73 | (92.4) | −(0.7) | [−7.7, 6.4] |
| offering any salty/fatty fare | 182 | (93.8) | 76 | (96.2) | −(2.4) | [−7.8, 3.0] |
| offering only less-healthful foodsb | 10 | (5.2) | 4 | (5.1) | −(0.1) | [−5.7, 5.8] |
| ‘OTHER BUSINESSES’d | 392 | (100.0) | 187 | (100.0) | ||
| offering any foode | 81 | (20.7) | 32 | (17.1) | (3.6) | [−3.2, 10.3] |
| offering any fruits or vegetables | 15 | (3.8) | 3 | (1.6) | (2.2) | [−0.4, 4.8] |
| offering any whole grains | 21 | (5.4) | 4 | (2.1) | (3.2) | [0.2, 6.3] |
| offering any nuts | 35 | (8.9) | 8 | (4.3) | (4.7) | [0.6, 8.7] |
| offering any refined sweets | 79 | (20.2) | 32 | (17.1) | (3.0) | [−3.7, 9.7] |
| offering any salty/fatty fare | 33 | (8.4) | 8 | (4.3) | (4.1) | [0.1, 8.1] |
| offering only less-healthful foodsb | 43 | (11.0) | 24 | (12.8) | −(1.9) | [−7.6, 3.8] |
Table values define ‘grazing environments.’ Bold typeface indicates when values would be greater if additionally considering ‘grocery environments’ (i.e., sources of food items requiring additional preparation); the only differences of > 2 street segments or > 2 businesses considering overall food environments (‘grazing’ plus ‘grocery environments) as opposed to ‘grazing environments’ alone were in Area A (street segments offering whole grains: 90 vs. 85, businesses offering fruits or vegetables: 196 vs. 185, all businesses offering whole grains: 146 vs. 135, all businesses offering salty/fatty fare: 219 vs. 215, ‘food businesses’ offering fruits or vegetables: 179 vs. 170, ‘food businesses’ offering whole grains: 125 vs. 114)
‘only less-healthful foods’ = only ‘refined sweets’ and/or ‘salty/fatty fare’ (i.e., no ‘healthful’ food options like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, or nuts)
‘food businesses’ = various grocery stores, supermarkets, specialty food stores, restaurants, and free-standing vending machines (businesses focused primarily on selling food)
‘other businesses’ = all other storefronts (businesses not primarily focused on selling food).
Among ‘other businesses’ offering food were: auto repair and auto sales shops; banks and check cashing outlets; clothing, shoe, apparel, and jewelry stores; department stores; dollar stores and discount stores; electronics stores, gas stations, gift shops; laundromat and dry cleaners; newsstand; nutritional-supplement store; pawn shops, pet shops, pharmacies; professional offices (medical, legal, real estate, etc.); salons and barber shops; sporting goods; tobacco shops.