Table 2.
Relative abundance (%) of 16S rRNA gene sequences from DNA isolated from ham after treatment at 500 MPa for 1 or 3 min, followed by storage for 4 weeks at 4°C.
| Controls | 0.5% EtOH |
HCl |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Samples | Meat microbiota | Listeria and meat microbiota | Meat microbiota | Listeria and meat microbiota | ||||||||
| Treatments | No HP | 1 min | 3 min | No HP | 1 min | 3 min | No HP | 1 min | 3 min | No HP | 1 min | 3 min |
| Organism (%) | ||||||||||||
| Brochothrix | 45.1 ± 3.5 | 72.3 ± 11.5 | 81.5 ± 14.7 | 47.0 ± 1.0 | 75.9 ± 10.1 | 93.6 ± 4.0 | 51.6 ± 2.7 | 71.7 ± 16.2 | 75.6 ± 4.7 | 50.5 ± 5.2 | 58.4 ± 8.8 | 76.8 ± 10.0 |
| Carnobacterium | 18.7 ± 0.2 | 3.1 ± 2.6 | 12.6 ± 10.6 | 17.5 ± 4.1 | 2.7 ± 2.0 | 0.68 ± 0.34 | 14.6 ± 1.7 | 3.45 ± 1.28 | 9.17 ± 2.84 | 14.0 ± 0.83 | 4.65 ± 4.88 | 8.81 ± 6.29 |
| Leuconostoc | 23.8 ± 0.26 | 23.0 ± 13.2 | 1.28 ± 0.83 | 21.9 ± 11.0 | 19.6 ± 12.3 | 4.8 ± 4.8 | 25.5 ± 4.7 | 23.2 ± 14.6 | 11.4 ± 3.3 | 26.4 ± 5.5 | 31.0 ± 10.0 | 10.5 ± 4.5 |
| Lactobacillus | 12.1 ± 3.5 | 1.61 ± 0.86 | 4.51 ± 3.30 | 9.44 ± 1.28 | 1.26 ± 0.62 | 0.56 ± 0.30 | 8.11 ± 0.84 | 1.54 ± 0.56 | 3.70 ± 1.16 | 8.21 ± 0.39 | 1.93 ± 1.86 | 3.40 ± 2.02 |
| Listeria | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.64 ± 0.25 | 0.42 ± 0.36 | 0.26 ± 0.14 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.80 ± 0.23 | 0.49 ± 0.26 | 0.32 ± 0.26 |
| Others | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Antimicrobials |
Rosemary extract |
Nisin |
||||||||||
| Samples | Meat microbiota | Listeria and meat microbiota | Meat microbiota | Listeria and meat microbiota | ||||||||
| Treatments | No HP | 1 min | 3 min | No HP | 1 min | 3 min | No HP | 1 min | 3 min | No HP | 1 min | 3 min |
| Organism (%) | ||||||||||||
| Brochothrix | 30.7 ± 12.6 | 56.2 ± 23.7 | 68.1 ± 24.0 | 37.0 ± 5.9 | 74.8 ± 30.2 | 84.9 ± 15.1 | 4.8 ± 2.9 | 21.1 ± 4.4 | 20.3 ± 3.1 | 7.1 ± 5.4 | 15.9 ± 2.0 | 20.9 ± 1.7 |
| Carnobacterium | 22.6 ± 1.9 | 3.64 ± 3.18 | 3.33 ± 3.00 | 24.3 ± 5.0 | 1.85 ± 1.97 | 1.82 ± 2.01 | 3.68 ± 1.42 | 19.5 ± 0.7 | 19.3 ± 0.8 | 4.90 ± 3.46 | 16.5 ± 1.9 | 16.2 ± 1.1 |
| Leuconostoc | 32.6 ± 11.5 | 38.1 ± 24.8 | 26.6 ± 26.0 | 25.3 ± 4.0 | 21.4 ± 26.2 | 11.3 ± 11.6 | 85.8 ± 6.00 | 21.1 ± 3.3 | 27.4 ± 6.3 | 75.0 ± 16.2 | 22.8 ± 7.3 | 19.8 ± 5.3 |
| Lactobacillus | 13.7 ± 2.4 | 1.69 ± 0.56 | 1.75 ± 0.93 | 12.7 ± 1.1 | 1.11 ± 1.24 | 1.45 ± 1.71 | 3.44 ± 1.65 | 22.9 ± 5.0 | 18.6 ± 4.1 | 5.32 ± 4.12 | 18.3 ± 5.2 | 17.3 ± 5.2 |
| Listeria | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.59 ± 0.09 | 0.62 ± 0.85 | 0.38 ± 0.06 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.21 ± 0.15 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 3.11 ± 1.93 | 10.8 ± 4.5 | 12.8 ± 6.5 |
| Others | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1.96 ± 0.10 | 13.6 ± 4.9 | 12.9 ± 7.5 | 3.72 ± 1.71 | 13.8 ± 7.8 | 10.9 ± 2.4 |
Data are shown as means ± standard deviations of triplicate independent experiments.