Table 1.
Summary of the retrospective studies regarding clobazam efficacy in status epilepticus
| Author (year) | Study type | n | Male, n (%) | Age (years) | History of seizures/epilepsy, n (%) | SE type, n (%) | Clobazam dose | Order of initiation (excluding initial BDZ) | Time from SE onset to clobazam initiation (day) | SE control in CLB responders | Response, n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Madzar et al.3 (2016) | Retrospective study of CLB use in SE | 24 | 8 (33) | 64 (52–72) | 10 (41.7) |
RSE NCSE 4 (16.7) GCSE 8 (33.3) CPSE 12 (50) |
MD 20 (14–23) mg/day | 4th (3rd–6th) | 2 (3–6) |
Duration of SE 6 (4–36) days CLB was the last agent added |
6 (25) |
| Sivakumar et al.4 (2015) | Retrospective study of CLB use in SE | 17 | 10 (59) | 63 (14–75) | 11 (65) |
RSE FSE 15 (88) GCSE 2 (12) |
Initial 10 (10–40) mg/day MD 20 (10–60) mg/day |
4th (3rd–7th) | 4 (1–61) | Remission within 24 h of CLB initiation | 13 (76.5) |
| Lu et al.13 (2016) | Retrospective study of pregnancy related SE | 1 | 0 (0) | 23 | 0 (0) | GCSE progressed to NCSE 1 (100) | NR | NR | NR | N/A | 0 (0) |
| Kravljanac et al.16 (2015) | Retrospective study of children with SE (n = 392) | 5 | NR | NR | NR | NR | 0.5–1.5 mg/kg | NR | NR | Seizure remission while on CLB | 4 (80) |
| Holzer et al.14 (2012) | Retrospective study of patients with antibody mediated SE (n = 13) | 3 | 0 (0) | 30 (17–37) | 0 (0) |
NCSE 2 (66.7) GCSE 1 (33.3) |
NR | NR | NR | N/A | 0 (0) |
| Mameniskiene et al.15 (2011) | Retrospective study of patients with FSE (n = 65) | 8 | NR | NR | NR | FSE 8 (100) | NR | NR | NR | N/A | 0 (0) |
| Manning and Rosenbloom17 (1987) | Retrospective study of children with SE | 1 | NR | NR | NR | Myoclonic SE | NR | NR | NR | CLB was reported successful | 1 (100) |
|
Swisher et al.12 (2017) (Abstract) |
Retrospective study of CLB use in refractory NCS, NCSE | 17 | NR | NR | 7 (41) |
NCS 7 (41) NCSE 10 (59) |
MD 20 (10–60) mg/day | 3rd–6th | 2 (1–55) | CLB was the last agent added | 12 (71) |
BDZ, benzodiazepine; CLB, clobazam; CPSE, complex partial status epilepticus; FSE, focal status epilepticus; GCSE, generalized convulsive status epilepticus; MD, maintenance dose; N/A, not applicable; NCS, nonconvulsive seizures; NCSE, nonconvulsive status epilepticus; NR, not reported; RSE, refractory status epilepticus; SE, status epilepticus.