Table 2. Effects of TFGL on investigated parameters.

Variable	Visit (wk)	TFGL 400 (n=44)	p-valuea	Placebo (n=44)	p-valuea	p-valueb
AMS	0	38.3±11.3	<0.001	37.9±8.9	0.699	0.868
	4	34.5±13.2		38.2±9.5		0.144
	8	33.2±11.5		38.2±9.6		0.029
IIEF	0	41.3±19.2	0.015	40.7±17.9	0.008	0.877
	4	41.9±19.0		39.1±19.4		0.490
	8	45.9±18.5		36.8±20.8		0.034
ADAM questionnaire positive rate	0	44 (100)		44 (100)		-
	4	33 (75.0)		44 (100)		<0.001c
	8	29 (65.9)		44 (100)		<0.001c
PSS-10	0	16.9±4.3	0.005	17.1±7.9	0.017	0.934
	4	15.4±4.4		17.3±7.7		0.170
	8	14.8±5.1		17.8±7.9		0.038
Serum total testosterone (ng/mL)	0	4.3±1.4	<0.001	4.4±1.4	<0.001	0.895
	4	4.4±1.5		4.02±1.3		0.201
	8	4.9±1.6		3.9±1.2		0.002
Serum free testosterone (pg/mL)	0	7.7±2.1	<0.001	7.7±2.2	<0.001	0.930
	4	8.5±2.2		7.4±1.8		0.022
	8	8.8±2.2		6.9±1.7		<0.001
Serum total cholesterol (mg/dL)	0	182.3±26.2	<0.001	183.0±26.2	<0.001	0.900
	4	180.6±28.8		186.9±26.4		0.285
	8	172.6±27.3		190.5±26.1		0.002
Serum HDL-C (mg/dL)	0	44.1±6.1	<0.001	44.0±6.2	<0.001	0.918
	4	46.8±8.6		42.6±7.0		0.014
	8	49.2±8.7		40.2±6.7		<0.001
Serum LDL-C (mg/dL)	0	115.0±26.0	<0.001	117.7±21.3	<0.001	0.589
	4	108.2±24.2		121.2±20.4		0.008
	8	101.7±21.1		125.4±21.3		<0.001
Serum triglyceride (mg/dL)	0	219.0±55.3	<0.001	223.4±58.9	0.011	0.717
	4	175.0±58.2		231.6±53.0		<0.001
	8	153.9±61.8		238.5±59.9		<0.001
Skeletal muscle mass (kg)	0	28.8±3.8	0.066	29.2±3.6	0.658	0.581
	4	28.9±3.8		29.2±3.5		0.764
	8	29.0±3.7		29.2±3.5		0.720
Fat mass (kg)	0	18.4±4.6	0.237	18.6±6.3	0.773	0.860
	4	18.1±4.5		18.7±6.4		0.640
	8	18.4±4.5		18.6±6.2		0.827

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

TFGL: Trigonella foenum-graecum seed and Lespedeza cuneate, AMS: Aging Males' Symptoms scale, IIEF: International Index of Erectile Function, ADAM: Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Males, PSS-10: perceived stress scale-10, HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: low density lipoprotein cholesterol.

^aRepeated measure ANOVA, ^bindependence sample t-test, ^cchi-square test.