| MSC’s | human mesenchymal stem cells |
| BMSCs | Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells |
| PLA | Polylactic acid |
| PGA | Polyglycolic acid |
| PCL | Polycaprolactone |
| PLGA | Poly lactide-co-glycolic acid |
| HA | hydroxyapatite |
| TCP | β-Tricalcium phosphate |
| NaOH | sodium hydroxide |
| PVA | Polyvinyl alcohol |
| GO | graphene oxide |
| GHB | graphene-hydroxyapatite hybrid |
| ALP | Alkaline phosphatase |
| SBF | simulated body fluid |
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