Table 3.

Response of periodontal parameters to nonsurgical periodontal treatment among RA subgroup divided by csDMARDs used.

		MTX	HCQ	MTX	MTX	MTX	P
				+ HCQ	+ SSZ	+ HCQ
						+ SSZ
N		7	6	6	7	6
PI	Pre	1.3 ± 0.6	2.1 ± 0.7	1.9 ± 0.3	2.0 ± 0.8	2.0 ± 0.6	0.104
	Post	0.8 ± 0.6	1.0 ± 0.4	1.1 ± 0.5	0.9 ± 0.5	1.6 ± 0.6	0.160
	Δ	-0.5 ± 0.5	-1.2 ± 0.6	-0.8 ± 0.6	-1.1 ± 0.6	-0.4 ± 0.7	0.127
GI	Pre	1.2 ± 0.7	1.7 ± 0.7	1.8 ± 0.4	1.4 ± 0.8	1.9 ± 0.5	0.378
	Post	0.7 ± 0.6	0.6 ± 0.6	0.8 ± 0.6	0.3 ± 0.2	1.0 ± 0.5	0.477
	Δ	-0.6 ± 0.3	-1.1 ± 0.7	-1.0 ± 0.7	-1.0 ± 0.8	-1.0 ± 0.7	0.606
PD	Pre	2.7 ± 0.4	3.0 ± 0.6	3.1 ± 0.1	2.7 ± 0.3	3.5 ± 0.5	0.015 ∗
	Post	2.2 ± 0.4	2.2 ± 0.4	2.3 ± 0.2	2.0 ± 0.1	2.4 ± 0.4	0.095
	Δ	-0.5 ± 0.2	-0.9 ± 0.2	-0.8 ± 0.2	-0.8 ± 0.3	-1.1 ± 0.5	0.045 ∗
CAL	Pre	3.9 ± 0.6	4.0 ± 0.5	4.2 ± 0.3	3.6 ± 0.8	4.1 ± 0.6	0.522
	Post	2.7 ± 0.5	3.0 ± 0.6	3.0 ± 0.6	2.8 ± 0.9	2.9 ± 0.4	0.793
	Δ	-1.2 ± 0.5	-0.9 ± 0.6	-1.2 ± 0.4	-0.8 ± 0.3	-1.2 ± 0.4	0.284
BOP	Pre	56.2 ± 26.3	71.4 ± 23.9	94.3 ± 8.8	89.8 ± 9.4	83.4 ± 25.4	0.058
	Post	37.5 ± 29.7	31.0 ± 15.5	44.4 ± 18.0	35.4 ± 8.8	47.9 ± 28.9	0.526
	Δ	-18.7 ± 21.5	-40.4 ± 16.7	-49.9 ± 19.0	-54.3 ± 14.8	-35.6 ± 39.9	0.094
DAS 28-ESR	Pre	4.2 ± 1.0	4.2 ± 0.9	4.0 ± 1.5	4.0 ± 1.6	4.3 ± 1.4	0.199
	Post	4.0 ± 1.2	4.1 ± 1.0	4.1 ± 1.1	4.0 ± 0.5	3.9 ± 1.1	0.254
	Δ	-0.1 ± 1.2	-0.1 ± 0.9	0.0 ± 1.2	0.0 ± 1.0	-0.3 ± 1.3	0.153

Values are expressed as mean ± SD.

Δ is net change after nonsurgical periodontal treatment, calculated by Post-Pre.

BOP, bleeding on probing; CAL, clinical attachment level; csDMARDs, conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs; DAS 28-ESR, disease activity score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate; GI, gingival index; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; MTX, methotrexate; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; PD, probing depth; PI, plaque index; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; SSZ, sulfasalazine.

∗Kruskal Wallis test, P < 0.05.