Table 1.
Comparison of African American sexual minority and heterosexual adults aged 20-59 years on demographic, socioeconomic, and health care factors, NHANES 2001–2014 (N=4,502)
| Variable | Total sample | Men | Women | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||
| Heterosexual | Sexual minority | p-value | Heterosexual | Sexual minority | p-value | Heterosexual | Sexual minority | p-value | |
|
| |||||||||
| N=4,292 (95.3%) |
N=210 (4.7%) |
N=2,124 (96.8%) |
N=72 (3.3%) |
N=2,168 (94.0%) |
N=138 (6.1%) |
||||
|
| |||||||||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||||
| Age (mean ± SE) | 38.6 (0.2) | 33.2 (0.8) | <0.0001 | 38.4 (0.3) | 34.2 (1.3) | 0.001 | 38.8 (0.3) | 32.7 (1.0) | <0.0001 |
| Educational attainment | 0.33 | 0.19 | 0.12 | ||||||
| < High school diploma | 896 (20.5) | 40 (19.5) | 489 (22.9) | 10 (14.3) | 407 (18.4) | 30 (22.0) | |||
| High school diploma or GED | 1099 (25.7) | 48 (22.5) | 604 (28.7) | 17 (24.7) | 495 (23.0) | 31 (21.4) | |||
| Some college | 1537 (36.1) | 90 (42.4) | 697 (32.9) | 29 (38.5) | 840 (39.0) | 61 (44.3) | |||
| Bachelor’s or higher | 760 (17.7) | 32 (15.6) | 334 (15.6) | 16 (22.5) | 426 (19.7) | 16 (12.3) | |||
| Employment | 0.01 | 0.99 | <0.01 | ||||||
| Employed | 2943 (69.3) | 125 (59.9) | 1498 (71.0) | 50 (71.1) | 1445 (67.8) | 75 (54.6) | |||
| Unemployed | 1347 (30.7) | 85 (40.2) | 626 (29.0) | 22 (28.9) | 721 (32.2) | 63 (45.4) | |||
| Relationship status | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| Married | 1517 (35.2) | 18 (7.4) | 831 (39.1) | 5 (6.0) | 686 (31.7) | 13 (8.0) | |||
| Widowed, divorced, or separated | 792 (18.5) | 23 (11.2) | 302 (14.1) | 7 (9.7) | 490 (22.4) | 16 (12.0) | |||
| Never married | 1528 (35.6) | 141 (67.4) | 723 (34.0) | 53 (74.1) | 805 (37.0) | 88 (64.3) | |||
| Living with partner | 452 (10.8) | 28 (14.0) | 266 (12.9) | 7 (10.2) | 186 (8.9) | 21 (15.8) | |||
| Place of birth | 0.81 | 0.89 | 0.96 | ||||||
| U.S.-born | 3882 (90.7) | 191 (91.2) | 1891 (88.9) | 64 (88.5) | 1991 (92.3) | 127 (92.4) | |||
| Foreign-born | 410 (9.3) | 19 (8.9) | 233 (11.1) | 8 (11.5) | 177 (7.7) | 11 (7.6) | |||
| Citizenship status | 0.44 | 0.98 | 0.55 | ||||||
| Citizen | 4109 (95.8) | 203 (96.7) | 2013 (94.6) | 68 (94.6) | 2096 (96.9) | 135 (97.7) | |||
| Noncitizen | 182 (4.2) | 7 (3.3) | 111 (5.4) | 4 (5.4) | 71 (3.1) | 3 (2.3) | |||
| Family income | <0.001 | 0.54 | <0.001 | ||||||
| < $20,000 | 1191 (29.0) | 121 (59.0) | 553 (27.3) | 22 (30.2) | 638 (30.5) | 61 (46.1) | |||
| ≥ $20,000 | 2968 (71.0) | 83 (41.0) | 1491 (72.7) | 48 (69.8) | 1477 (69.5) | 73 (53.9) | |||
| Health insurance | 0.14 | 0.32 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Yes | 3082 (72.2) | 143 (67.6) | 1367 (64.7) | 51 (70.1) | 1715 (78.9) | 92 (66.3) | |||
| No | 1189 (27.8) | 66 (32.5) | 745 (35.3) | 21 (29.9) | 444 (21.1) | 45 (33.7) | |||
| Usual source of care | 0.69 | 0.11 | 0.03 | ||||||
| Yes | 3655 (85.3) | 183 (86.3) | 1651 (77.4) | 62 (85.4) | 2004 (92.5) | 121 (86.7) | |||
| No | 637 (14.7) | 27 (13.7) | 473 (22.7) | 10 (14.6) | 164 (7.5) | 17 (13.3) | |||
Note: Individuals who self-identified as ‘something else’ or ‘don’t know’ (n=90) or who did not provide information on their sexual orientation identity (n=786) were excluded from this study. Percentages are based on distributions that do not include missing data and may not add up to 100% due to rounding.