Table 4.

The association between baPWV and MRI markers of cerebral small vessel disease stratified by age.

	Lacunes		Microbleeds		Severe PVS – WM		Severe PVS – BG		WMH volume*		BPF
	OR (95%CI)	p	OR (95%CI)	p	OR (95%CI)	p	OR (95%CI)	p	β (95%CI)	p	β (95%CI)	p
Age < 55 (n = 461)
baPWV, Model 1	1.06 (0.91, 1.24)	0.468	0.99 (0.82, 1.21)	0.954	1.15 (1.02, 1.31)	0.023	1.10 (0.96, 1.27)	0.179	0.12 (0.05, 0.19)	0.001	−0.09 (-0.20, 0.01)	0.070
baPWV, Model 2	0.96 (0.80, 1.16)	0.688	1.00 (0.82, 1.22)	0.993	1.21 (1.05, 1.38)	0.007	1.19 (1.00, 1.40)	0.045	0.11 (0.04, 0.19)	0.003	−0.08 (-0.18, 0.02)	0.115
Age ≥ 55 (n = 492)
baPWV, Model 1	1.08 (1.00, 1.16)	0.064	1.04 (0.95, 1.13)	0.399	1.04 (0.96, 1.13)	0.324	0.96 (0.88, 1.05)	0.403	0.07 (0.03, 0.12)	< 0.001	−0.08 (-0.16, 0.00)	0.042
baPWV, Model 2	1.06 (0.98, 1.15)	0.171	1.03 (0.94, 1.13)	0.498	1.05 (0.97, 1.15)	0.238	0.97 (0.88, 1.06)	0.495	0.06 (0.02, 0.11)	0.009	−0.05 (−0.13, 0.03)	0.219

BaPWV indicates brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity; PVS-WM, dilated perivascular space in white matter; PVS-BG, dilated perivascular space in basal ganglia; WMH, white matter hyperintensities; BPF, brain parenchyma fraction.

Values represent odds ratio (95% confidential interval) or regression coefficient (β) (95% confidential interval) per 1 m/s increase in baPWV. Model 1: adjusted for age, sex, and systolic blood pressure. Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive medication, diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipid-lowering medication, and current smoking.

^*WMH volume is natural logarithmically transformed.