Table 2.

Descriptive statistics including means, standard deviations, correlations, and composite reliability for calibration and validation samples.

Factors	TI	BPN	SDM	PE	α-CS	α-VS
TI	1	0.442∗∗	0.437∗∗	0.252∗∗	0.66	0.66
BPN	0.798∗∗	1	0.574∗∗	0.327∗∗	0.84	0.85
SDM	0.666∗∗	0.777∗∗	1	0.433∗∗	0.86	0.88
PE	0.420∗∗	0.459∗∗	0.497∗∗	1	0.72	0.77
M ± SD - CS	3.01 ± 0.411	3.67 ± 0.442	4.35 ± 0.615	2.74 ± 0.389	–	–
M ±SD - VS	3.59 ± 0.402	3.30 ± 0.363	5.22 ± 0.694	2.97 ± 0.436	–	–

TI, task-involving climate; BPN, basic psychological needs; SDM, self-determined motivation; PE, perceived effort; M, mean; SD, standard deviation; CS, calibration sample; VS, validation sample; Min, minimum value; Max, maximum value; α, Cronbach’s alpha; values below the diagonal are from CS; values above the diagonal are from VS. ^∗∗p < 0.001.