Table 1. Patient characteristics in the intent-to-treat population (n =138).

Values are presented as median (range), mean ± standard deviation, or number of patients (%).

ASA PS, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status; ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; GB, gallbladder; LC, laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

^a)Cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive lung disease, chronic renal failure, etc. ^b)One case of minor bile leak only, no other complications occurred. ^c)Three cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, 2 cases of T1 GB cancer.