Table 1.

Descriptive statistics – symptom levels and experienced side effects.

	Overall	Anxiety symptoms	Pain symptoms	Depression symptoms	Other
N Sessions	13638	5343	4267	1440	2588
N Users	2830	1679	1223	577	1026
Starting symptom level	6.2 ± 2.2	6.2 ± 2.3	6.3 ± 2.0	6.5 ± 2.2	5.8 ± 2.4
Ending symptom level	2.5 ± 2.2	2.2 ± 2.2	3.0 ± 2.1	2.5 ± 2.2	2.4 ± 2.3
Symptom relief	-3.7 ± 2.6	-4.0 ± 2.8	-3.3 ± 2.3	-4.0 ± 2.7	-3.4 ± 2.8
Better	94.2%	94.8%	94.7%	95.4%	91.6%
Same	2.7%	2.4%	2.8%	2.4%	3.2%
Worse	3.1%	2.8%	2.5%	2.2%	5.2%
Any positive side effect	94.4%	94.7%	94.5%	93.9%	94.2%
Any negative side effect	60.0%	60.0%	58.9%	65.5%	58.8%
Any context-specific side effect	76.2%	75.2%	75.9%	80.1%	76.6%
# of positive side effects	4.6 ± 3.2	4.6 ± 3.2	4.4 ± 3.1	4.8 ± 3.4	4.8 ± 3.4
# of negative side effects	1.4 ± 1.7	1.4 ± 1.7	1.3 ± 1.6	1.6 ± 1.9	1.3 ± 1.7
# of context-specific side effects	2.0 ± 1.9	2.0 ± 1.9	1.9 ± 1.9	2.1 ± 1.9	2.0 ± 1.9
% of positive side effects	24%	24%	23%	26%	25%
% of negative side effects	11%	11%	10%	13%	10%
% of context-specific side effects	20%	20%	19%	21%	20%

Symptoms designated as treatable with benzodiazepines (Anxiety Symptoms) include agitation/irritability, anxiety, insomnia, muscle spasms, and stress. Symptoms associated with Opioid treatment (Pain Symptoms) include all ten pain conditions. Depression is the only symptom designated as treatable with antidepressants.