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. 2018 Aug 6;19(8):2301. doi: 10.3390/ijms19082301

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Relative mRNA levels of (a) ATP5 synthase; (b) GH, growth hormone receptor (GHR), IGF1, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), IGFBP2, and POU class 1 homeobox 1 (POU1F1); (c) adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) α2, AMPKβ2, AMPKγ3, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and (d) peroxiredoxin (PRDX) 1, PRDX3, PRDX4, and PRDX6 in the skeletal muscles of 90-day-old chickens; Relative mRNA levels of thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroid hormone receptor alpha (THRA), and thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRB) (e) in the thyroid glands of 90-day-old chickens. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 10) of three replicates; n represents an individual chicken. *, p < 0.05 versus control; **, p < 0.01 versus control in females and males, respectively, according to the one-way ANOVA with an LSD test.

Relative mRNA levels of (a) ATP5 synthase; (b) GH, growth hormone receptor (GHR), IGF1, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), IGFBP2, and POU class 1 homeobox 1 (POU1F1); (c) adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) α2, AMPKβ2, AMPKγ3, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and (d) peroxiredoxin (PRDX) 1, PRDX3, PRDX4, and PRDX6 in the skeletal muscles of 90-day-old chickens; Relative mRNA levels of thyroglobulin (TG), thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroid hormone receptor alpha (THRA), and thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRB) (e) in the thyroid glands of 90-day-old chickens. Data are presented as mean ± SD (n = 10) of three replicates; n represents an individual chicken. *, p < 0.05 versus control; **, p < 0.01 versus control in females and males, respectively, according to the one-way ANOVA with an LSD test.