Table 1.

Bloom’s taxonomy levels with examples of descriptive verbs and tasks to be found in the statistics item pool.

Cognitive level process	General descriptors
Knowledge	Retrieving, recognizing, and recalling relevant knowledge from long-term memory. Verbs and tasks: recall, memorize, re-tell, repeat a definition, repeat a previously seen example, recall or identify a formula.
Comprehension	Understand uses and implications of terms, facts, methods. Verbs and tasks: identify an example of something, recognize a definition in an alternative wording, and describe the key features.
Application	Carrying out or using a procedure through executing or implementing. Verbs and tasks: use a previously seen method to compute a value or draw a generic conclusion from data. Make use of, apply practice theory, solve problems, use information in new situations.

Adapted from Dunham (2015).