| 3 h | seed hydropriming at 20 °C for 3 h |
| A | α-amylase activity |
| ABA | abscisic acid |
| ABA-glc | glucose conjugated abscisic acid |
| ABS/CSm | energy absorption by antennas |
| ANOVA | analysis of variance |
| butenolide | 2(5H)-furanone |
| But 1 | seed treatment with 10−6 M butenolide |
| But 2 | seed treatment with 10−5 M butenolide |
| But 3 | seed treatment with 10−4 M butenolide |
| DA | dehydrogenase activity |
| das | days after sowing |
| DIo/CSm | energy dissipation from PSII (energy lost as heat), where CSm is the cross section of the sample |
| DW | dry weight |
| EL | electrolyte leakage |
| ETo/CSm | energy used for electron transport |
| FW | fresh weigh |
| IAA | indole-3-acetic acid |
| KIN | kinetin |
| PAR | photosynthetic active radiation |
| PI | performance index of PSII normalised for equal absorption (PI/ABS) |
| PSII | photosystem II |
| QA | primary quinone acceptor of PSII |
| RC/CSm | number of active reaction centres |
| TRo/CSm | excitation energy trapped in PSII (energy transferred to a reaction centre) |
| VPD | coefficient of the vegetative phase development |
| VPDi | index of the vegetative phase development |